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Oct 30, 2023Open    Access

Cocrystals of Enoxacin with Heptanedioic Acid: Preparation and Characterization

Linbing Huang
Enoxacin (EX), a third-generation fluoroquinolone, demonstrates broadspectrum antibacterial activities and is widely applied for the treatment of various bacterial infections. However, it is challenging to improve its antibacterial activity and drug resistance effects based on solubility changes owing to EX being categorized as a class II drug in the Biopharmaceutics Classification System (BCS). Based on improving the solubility of enoxacin (EX) to enhance the antibacterial activity in vitro, ph...
Open Access Library J.   Vol.10, 2023
Doi:10.4236/oalib.1110806


Sep 25, 2023Open    Access

Studies on Hexafluoropropene Dimer Isomerization

Xianjin Chen
Hexafluoropropylene dimer serves as a representative template for the synthesis of various fluorinated substances. Isomerization of two dimers is an important reaction. The changes in single-point energies for isomerization were calculated, and it was found that the most stable compound is Perfluoro (2-methylpent-2-ene) with a single-point energy of -3745686.47 KJ/mol. The kinetics of hexafluoropropene dimer isomerization were experimentally investigated in the temperature range of 303 - 343 K u...
Open Access Library J.   Vol.10, 2023
Doi:10.4236/oalib.1110575


Aug 22, 2023Open    Access

Effect of Lignocellulose Waste-Biomass Pretreatment of the Peels of Musa acuminata (Banana) and Ananas comosus (Pineapple) on the Production of Bioethanol via Solid-State Fermentation

Nyinchuo Evate, Pride Ndasi Ngwasiri, Wilson Agwanande Ambindei, Ngwa Martin Ngwabie, Martin Benoit Ngassoum
The use of fruits both domestically and industrially generates waste from their discarded peels which may lead to environmental pollution and contamination. This work aims at evaluating the effects of chemical pre-treatment of biomass on the physicochemical properties and the effects of process parameters on the production of ethanol via solid-state fermentation. The biomass was dried, ground and subjected to chemical pretreatment using H2SO4 and NaOH. pH, total Titratable ...
Open Access Library J.   Vol.10, 2023
Doi:10.4236/oalib.1110130


Jun 19, 2023Open    Access

New Ethenzamide-Trimesic Acid Cocrystal: Equilibrium Solubility

Shuting Lin, Jiarong Zhang, Weijie Sun, Penghui Ren, Jiayi Jiang, Chengjun Jiang
Ethenzamide, a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, is used to treat pain, inflammation, fever and rheumatism. However, it has low solubility and belongs to class II of the biopharmaceutical classification system. In order to improve the solubility of ethenzamide, the cocrystal of ethenzamide was prepared and characterized according to the synthesis principle of hydrogen bond supramolecular synthons in crystal engineering. The ETZ·2TMA·MeOH cocrystal was obtained by the solution e...
Open Access Library J.   Vol.10, 2023
Doi:10.4236/oalib.1110247


Apr 28, 2023Open    Access

An Experimental Study of Improvement of Sinter Quality at High Limonite Ore Ratios

Ye Sun, Yan Liu, Ren Chen, Zuoliang Zhang, Xiaoliang Li, Lingling Li, Lei Zhang, Yu Sun, Haibing Jiang, Ming Li
The sintering of limonite ore is a recent cost-effective method of iron production. In this study, the influences of sinter binary basicity and calc-flux type on the quantity, strength, and type of sintering bonding phases, as well as on sinter quality under high limonite ratios, were investigated by an experiment based on the characteristics of ore blends. Production of sinters demonstrates that, under high limonite ratios, sinter quality can be improved by increasing the binary basicity of sin...
Open Access Library J.   Vol.10, 2023
Doi:10.4236/oalib.1110092


Apr 28, 2023Open    Access

Ultraviolet Light (UV)-Induced Photocatalytic Degradation of Diclofenac Using Naturally Derived TiO2@rGO Composite

Lorenz E. Borromeo, Lea P. Bongat, John Patrick S. Nunez, Kirby F. Mendioro, Jocelyn R. Balisnomo
Diclofenac (DCF) is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) used to relieve pain in joint-related diseases. It is not completely metabolized after consumption and cannot be easily removed using conventional wastewater treatment. DCF has been detected in water bodies and may pose chronic effects on the endocrines of living organisms even at low-level exposure. Heterogeneous photocatalysis provides an alternative and efficient method of degrading DCF. In this study, the photocatalytic remov...
Open Access Library J.   Vol.10, 2023
Doi:10.4236/oalib.1109990


Dec 28, 2022Open    Access

Development and Application of Distributed Optical Fiber Instruments

Jian Li, Mian Zhang, Shuaiyu Song
At present, the Brillouin Optical Time Domain Reflectometer (BOTDR) sensor has been widely used in oil and gas pipeline monitoring and maintenance, and the ability to resist cross-interference is weak for the BOTDR sensor system, and it cannot process interference data at the same time. A Polarized Optical Time Domain Reflectometer (POTDR) based on the polarization effect is designed, which is based on the traditional POTDR sensor system and combined with the fiber grating, by using the fiber gr...
Open Access Library J.   Vol.9, 2022
Doi:10.4236/oalib.1109552


Jul 30, 2022Open    Access

Study on Synthesis of 1-Phenylethyl Acetate by Enzymatic Kinetic Resolution

Daguo Xu, Junyao Wang, Chengjun Jiang
In this study, porcine pancreatic lipase (PPL), Candida antarctica lipase (CAL-B, free state) and Novozyme 435 lipase were used as catalysts to establish an efficient, highly selective and environmentally friendly biocatalysis system for the synthesis of 1-phenylethyl acetate (PEA). Lipase species, acyl donor, reaction solvent, amount of lipase, lipase repeatability, reaction time, substrate concentration and reaction temperature were used as variables to study the characteristics of lipase cata...
Open Access Library J.   Vol.9, 2022
Doi:10.4236/oalib.1109047


Jun 07, 2022Open    Access

E. coli: Health Impacts, Exposure Evaluation, and Hazard Reduction

Djamel Ghernaout, Noureddine Elboughdiri, Ramzi Lajimi
Around one billion persons could not possess access to secured potable water. In developing countries, the largest part of the illnesses remains provoked by pathogens infected water. As a well-known pathogen, Escherichia coli is largely employed as an indicator of coliform contamination. This work firstly defines microbiologically E. coli bacteria, presents a brief history relating to their first discovery and following contagions, and discusses their clinical characteristics besid...
Open Access Library J.   Vol.9, 2022
Doi:10.4236/oalib.1108860


May 27, 2022Open    Access

Electrocoagulation of Escherichia coli Culture: Effects of Temperature and Cell Concentration

Djamel Ghernaout, Noureddine Elboughdiri, Ramzi Lajimi
Laboratory tests were performed to examine electrocoagulation (EC) as electrochemical disinfection of synthetic wastewater infected by non-pathogenic Escherichia coli species in batch culture and two surface waters employing ordinary steel, stainless steel and aluminum electrodes. Aluminum electrodes were observed most performant in killing E. coli cells relatively with stainless steel and ordinary steel electrodes. About thirty minutes are requested for EC to attain total E. co...
Open Access Library J.   Vol.9, 2022
Doi:10.4236/oalib.1108763


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