Ab initio quantum chemistry aims to predict molecular properties solely from fundamental physical constants and system composition, without empirical parameterization. This review elucidates how this endeavor is built upon an interdependent hierarchy of physical theories, each contributing essential concepts and introducing inherent approximations. We trace the foundational role of classical mechanics in the Born-Oppenheimer approximation, which separates nuclear and electronic...

Physical Chemistry 

This study examines the effectiveness and efficiency of public procurement processes in IFAD-supported agricultural projects in Zimbabwe, namely the Smallholder Agriculture Cluster Project (SACP). Zimbabwe allocates around 60% of its national budget to public procurement, but institutional weaknesses such as corruption, political meddling, incapability, and insufficient transparency undermine its success. Through a mixed-methods approach, consisting of surveys and interviews across five of the m...

Sociology 

Multidrug-resistant microrganisms (MDROs) infections are a major challenge in hospitals. MDROs affect developed and developing countries and even intensive care and non-intensive care units. In this context, we conducted a study which aims to identify the factors leading to the acquisition of MDROs in a non-intensive care unit. Our study was a retrospective and analytical study. The frequency of diabetes was 64%. The factors leading to the acquisition of MDROs were: invasive medical care (P <...

Infectious Diseases 

Thirty samples of drinking water were collected from springs used by rabbit farmers near mining sites in Lubumbashi, in order to assess the impact of trace metals on rabbit growth. Chemical analyses were performed using atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS) in the Agro-Pedological Laboratory of the Faculty of Agronomic Sciences. The descriptive and analytical results of the water samples showed high Cd and Co content of the order of (0.04 mg/l of Cd and 3.27 mg/l of Co) in river water, (0.20 mg/l...

Environmental Sciences 

African forest elephants (Loxodonta cyclotis) strongly modify vegetation structure by creating natural clearings, yet the consequences of these habitat modifications for threatened ground-nesting species such as the endemic Mount Cameroon Francolin (Pternistis camerunensis) remain largely understood. This poorly studied galliforme faces multiple threats on Mount Cameroon, including hunting, bushfires, and vegetation modification by elephants. Few decades ago, forests on Mount Cameroon were divid...

Plant Science 

Performance in higher education is one of the key expectations of the beneficiaries of training at the University of Burundi. With this in mind, the present study was conducted among 384 students, selected using Cochran’s formula (1977), with the aim of shedding light on students’ perceptions of the training provided by this public institution. The study focused primarily on the organization of academic programs, students’ living and working conditions, the use of ICTs for research and innovatio...

Education Administration  Sociology 

The development of low-cost and environmentally friendly solar cell technologies has attracted significant attention as an alternative to traditional silicon-based devices. Carbon dots (CD_s), owing to their tunable optical band gap, strong absorption in the visible spectrum, and excellent electron-donating properties, have emerged as promising sensitizers and interfacial modifiers in solar energy conversion systems. In this study, we present a systematic investigation of CD_s...

Nanometer Materials  Metal Material  Structural Material  Material Experiment  Physical Chemistry  Materials Engineering 

The purpose of the study was to examine the extent of use of selected social media in the marketing of library services to postgraduate students at the University of Nairobi’s (UoN) library with specific reference to UoN’s Mahatma Gandhi Graduate Library (MGGL). The study was guided by the following objectives: To determine the extent of use of selected social media applications in the marketing of library services to postgraduate students at UoN’s MGGL, to establish the impacts of social media ...

Information Science 

Background: Implant breakage following Intramedullary (IM) nailing of long bone fractures is an uncommon but potentially catastrophic complication that often necessitates complex revision surgery. Robust estimates of its incidence and predictors are needed to guide surgical planning and postoperative management. Methods: PubMed and Google Scholar were systematically searched for studies published between January 2005 and December 2024 reporting IM nail breakage ...

Orthopedics 

Periodontal diseases, stemming from microbial imbalances and chronic inflammation, represent a significant global health challenge. While traditional mechanical debridement forms the cornerstone of treatment, adjunctive therapies are often necessary to achieve optimal and lasting periodontal health. This literature review evaluates the current evidence on probiotics as an adjunct to initial periodontal treatment, focusing on their efficacy in improving clinical parameters and modulating the oral...

Global Health