Ethical leadership is one of the necessary ingredients of good governance, particularly in public institutions where leaders exercise authority over public resources and decision-making. Despite efforts to improve governance, frameworks, and structures, public leaders’ ethical disposition continues to hamper accountability, public trust, and institutional performance in Tanzania. This study rethinks ethical leadership in relation to good governance by examining the implementation of ethica...

Politics  Public Policy 

The Reading and Thinking section of senior high school English textbooks is where the curriculum’s activity-based approach is expected to be realized most fully, yet its potential is often constrained by a single ordinary decision: what to ask. This paper proposes a three-layer framework and six teaching strategies for designing question chains in such lessons with generative artificial intelligence (GenAI). The framework aligns question functions with the curriculum’s progression fr...

Linguistics  Language Education 

Cutting of the Jiaxing Canon (Jiaxing zang) began in the seventeenth year of the Wanli reign (1589) and continued for more than two centuries. Fascicles circulated as they were carved, and neither a fixed recension nor a unified catalogue was ever produced. Drawing on eleven terminal colophons in which all five native-place elements are recorded, this article examines the canon’s productive organization through the drainage-network morphology of Horton, Strahler, and Shreve and the ...

Culture 

Returned overseas scholars in marine-focused universities constitute a high-end talent group underpinning marine scientific and technological innovation and serving the strategy of building a powerful maritime nation, and stand as key targets of united front work in universities in the new era. Current united front work targeting returned scholars in marine-focused universities is confronted with practical challenges including vague profiling of talent pools, homogenized ideological guidance, in...

Sociology 

Introduction: Globally, unmet need for family planning among adolescents contributes to unintended pregnancies and related health and social consequences such as unsafe abortions. Parents and guardians can influence adolescents’ access to and use of family planning services. This study explored parents and guardian perceptions of adolescents’ utilisation of family planning services in Chawama, Lusaka District. Methods: This qualitative exploratory study included 20 purp...

Sociology 

Development-induced displacement (DID) from oil and gas projects is a growing phenomenon in Sub-Saharan Africa, often resulting in complex, long-lasting impacts on household livelihoods. This systematic review synthesizes evidence from 94 studies conducted between 2011 and 2025, focusing on how DID affects livelihood capitals, food security, adaptation strategies, and the role of compensation and institutional support systems. Guided by the Sustainable Livelihoods Framework, the review finds tha...

Sociology 

Tropical fruits contribute substantially to human mineral intake, yet most nutritional studies focus narrowly on the edible flesh and overlook the mineral contribution of peels and seeds, fractions routinely discarded as waste. This study determined the mineral composition of the flesh, peel and, where applicable, seed fractions of four tropical fruits commonly consumed in Kenya: banana (Musa spp.), mango (Mangifera indica), pineapple (Ananas comosus) and watermelon (...

Analytical Chemistry 

With the deepening implementation of the “AI+” action and the rapid integration of generative artificial intelligence into social life, higher vocational colleges should not only cultivate application-oriented talents who master AI technology, but also cultivate new generations who are politically steadfast, ethically conscious, and innovative. Based on Machine Learning, the core course of the AI technology application specialty in higher vocational colleges, this paper proposes the ...

Curriculum Development 

Effective working capital management is crucial for any company in order to run its day-to-day operations and meet its short-term obligations. Given its vital role in maximizing operational efficiency, working capital management (WCM) is a critical factor in enhancing firm profitability. Companies operating in emerging markets face many challenges that make effective WCM essential for a company’s survival and continuity. This study aims to examine the impact of WCM on firm profitability in...

Finance 

Cattle production underpins livelihoods, food security, and household income in Tanzania, where the improved Mpwapwa breed—developed for high productivity and tropical adaptation—is widely disseminated to upgrade local herds. However, shared communal use often subjects Mpwapwa and crossbred bulls to extreme mating loads of 40 - 60 cows per season, far exceeding temperate-region recommendations, while locally validated guidelines for optimal cow-to-bull ratios remain absent. This stud...

Agronomy  Animal Behavior