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May 22, 2026Open Access
This review article summarizes and analyzes modern approaches to the ex-tractive spectrophotometric determination of copper(II) ions in natural wa-ters, ores, environmental, and industrial samples. The quantitative determi-nation of Cu(II) ions is of great importance for scientific and medical re-search, as well as for environmental monitoring. In recent years, numerous methods have been developed to ensure high accuracy, rapid analysis, and high sensitivity in their determination. Particular at...
Dec 26, 2025Open Access
Waste is usually produced from man’s activities and Nigeria is ranked among the top producers of waste globally, which is mostly from food and agriculture. This study evaluates the suitability of several agricultural wastes (sugarcane bagasse, coconut husk, groundnut shell, sawdust, palm kernel shell and corncobs) a composite blend (equal weight fraction of sugarcane bagasse, coconut husk, groundnut shell, sawdust, palm kernel shell and corncobs agricultural waste biomass were blended), and conv...
Dec 17, 2025Open Access
Antimony (Sb) is a nonessential metal to life and is currently considered an emerging contaminant due to its increasing presence in the environment and its toxic effects on humans, plants, and animals. Human activities such as mining, smelting, and burning of fossil fuels, along with the minerals erosion and waste, release antimony into soil and water, posing a serious threat to ecosystems and public health. The objective of this study was to evaluate trace levels of Sb(III) in water samples fro...
Jul 28, 2025Open Access
Due to the multiple diseases in the same patients, and the multiple medications they were taking, it was necessary to formulate medications containing two or more pharmaceutical substances to reduce the patient’s dosage and, as a result, reduce side effects. In this study aspirin and clopidogrel were formulated together in a pharmaceutical dosage form that ensures the chemical and physical stability. By wet granulation method as a first layer for clopidogrel as eduragit L100 as a polymer, which ...
May 29, 2025Open Access
In this study, composite flour was formulated by blending Eleusine coracana (finger millet) and Manihot esculenta (cassava) to achieve optimal nutritional content tailored to different age groups. Various composites of roasted and unroasted finger millet and cassava flour were mingled into bread and analysed for nutritional and anti-nutritional values using AOAC International’s Official Methods of Analysis. The composite (millet flour/cassava flour, 3:1; w/w) had the optimal co...
Oct 30, 2024Open Access
In this paper, the biodiesel starting from raphia-sese oil in the presence of a methanol was obtained. On this, a model of the explanatory circuit was established on basis of which the assessment matter takes shape according to the quantity and intrinsic properties of products. The results obtained with this model were validated and, one thus could confirm the properties of the product under interfaces: temperature-density, temperature-viscosity, temperature-pressure, mass temperature-heat and t...
Mar 01, 2024Open Access
Objective: Optimization of the method of graphite furnace atomic absorption in the existing national standard method GB 5009.15-2014 to establish the method for quantitative detection of cadmium and analyze the health risks of cadmium in pork. Methods: The temperature program of the graphite furnace was optimized and was combined with the matrix matching method. The cadmium content and health risk of pork samples from seven producing areas from 2019 to 2020 were...
Aug 29, 2023Open Access
Impurities, particularly those associated with the API (active pharmaceutical ingredient) and causing deterioration or interaction, may lower a drug’s quality, safety, and efficacy. The successful reduction and control of impurities in pharmaceuticals rely on safety-based impurity limits. Many methods have been developed to define a practically safe dosage of impurities, with an emphasis on daily exposure limitations. They include permissible daily exposure (PDE), acceptable intake (AI), the thr...
Aug 22, 2023Open Access
The use of fruits both domestically and industrially generates waste from their discarded peels which may lead to environmental pollution and contamination. This work aims at evaluating the effects of chemical pre-treatment of biomass on the physicochemical properties and the effects of process parameters on the production of ethanol via solid-state fermentation. The biomass was dried, ground and subjected to chemical pretreatment using H 2SO 4 and NaOH. pH, total Titratable ...
Jul 21, 2022Open Access
Legumes have played an important role in traditional diets in various regions of the world because they meet the recommended dietary guidelines for healthy eating. The present study aimed to determine and evaluate the mineral composition of legumes consumed in the municipality of Vitória da Conquista-BA using optical emission spectrometry with inductively coupled plasma. Minerals, calcium, magnesium, potassium, iron, manganese and zinc were determined in samples of chickpeas, soybeans, peas and ...
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