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Apr 18, 2025Open Access
The Goldman Hodgkin and Katz equation (GHK) is regarded as a cornerstone in the field of biology. The GHK equation expands upon Bernstein’s hypothesis. Bernstein had originally employed the Nernst equation to validate his theory. Consequently, the GHK equation is also logically derived from the Nernst equation. Contemporary understanding in chemistry and electrochemistry conclusively indicates that the GHK equation contains fundamental flaws, as it deviates from the primary intent of the Nernst ...
Apr 08, 2025Open Access
Objective: The aim of the present study is to assess the role of the level of change in gene expression of the HOTAIR molecule in breast cancer patients. Methods: An assay was conducted for the level of gene expression of the HOTAIR molecule in the plasma of 30 patients and 10 healthy controls, by performing the reverse transcription reaction RT-qPCR, gene expression was evaluated using the Livak equation, tumor characteristics (grade, HER2 receptors, hormonal (...
Feb 20, 2025Open Access
The two known receptors, CXCR4 and CXCR7, for the chemokine stromal cell-derived factor-1 (SDF1) play a role in the development and metastasis of multiple cancers, including melanoma. CXCR4 receptor signaling influences melanoma cell responses, including proliferation, migration, and metastasis. CXCR7 receptor signaling can also induce melanoma malignancy by increasing proliferation. However, it is unknown if CXCR7 directly affects melanoma cell migration. Here, we blocked CXCR4 and CXCR7 recept...
Feb 19, 2025Open Access
The research article explores the therapeutic potential of Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) gene therapy for Alzheimer’s Disease (AD). AD is characterized by neurofibrillary tangles and amyloid-beta plaques, which contribute to neuronal degradation and cognitive decline. BDNF plays a crucial role in neuronal survival, growth, synaptic plasticity, and cognitive functions like learning and memory. AD patients exhibit reduced BDNF levels, particularly in the cortex and hippocampus. BDNF gen...
Jan 08, 2025Open Access
Infrared (IR) dyes, especially those within the near-infrared (NIR) spectrum, hold significant promise for in vivo visualization, due to their ability to access biological tissues and significantly reduce background interference from autofluorescence. Nanoparticles integrated with IR dyes have undergone extensive investigation regarding their pharmacokinetic behavior, including biodistribution patterns and clearance mechanisms. These nanoparticles exhibit a remarkable ability to prefere...
Dec 25, 2024Open Access
With the acceleration of industrialization, soil pollution caused by acid deposition has gradually evolved into a major global ecological and environmental problem, among which aluminum acid stress has become one of the main environmental factors restricting plant growth and agricultural production in China. Jerusalem artilum is not only a cash crop with high utilization value in many fields, such as food and medicine, but also has ecological effects, such as environmental restoration. It has an...
Nov 26, 2024Open Access
Epstein Barr Virus (EBV) is a ubiquitous human lymphotropic herpesvirus which is also called Gamma herpesvirus and has been involved in several cancers. EBV is the first human tumor virus identified. There has been much epidemiological and mechanistic evidence to prove the causal role of EBV in multiple sclerosis (MS). Multiple Sclerosis is a chronic autoimmune disease of the central nervous system characterized by demyelination and neuroinflammation. For this paper, I aim to provide answers to ...
Oct 10, 2024Open Access
The objective of this study was to determine the abundance, dominance, and coverage of weed species present in a developing sweet orange ( Citrus sinensis L.) orchard in the state of Yucatán, Mexico. Weed collection was carried out in a sweet orange crop six months after transplanting, using the Valencia Late variety. For taxonomic identification, images of the adult plant with flowers, fruits, and seeds were taken, supported by an herbarium. The Importance Value Index (IVI) showed 8 pre...
Jul 03, 2024Open Access
The present work aims to know the digestibility of the prey that make up the diet of Hepsetus akawo fish from monthly catches in the Ayame 1 hydroelectric dam lake. In order to provide information, the digestibility of prey, the stomach contents of 286 specimens, coupled with the histology of digestive tract were analyzed from July 2021 to June 2022. The observation and description of the digestive tract in this species revealed a developed stomach and relatively short intestine. The in...
Jun 28, 2023Open Access
We performed aurora kinase gene expression analysis, in combination with FISH and micronucleus test, in buccal mucosa cells isolated from agricultural workers to better understand the dynamics of genomic instability in these groups of professionals. Two out of a total of 97 agricultural workers who consented to participate in the study (39 men and 58 women) reported a history of cancer based on a previously applied questionnaire. The participants were 28.4 years on average and were categorized i...
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