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Jun 27, 2025Open Access
Recent years have seen growing scholarly interest in circular economy approaches to procurement. However, a systematic review of this knowledge remains lacking, particularly for developing economies. This review aims to address that gap by examining how Circular Procurement (CP) can support Sierra Leone’s sustainable development objectives and enhance resource efficiency. Following PRISMA 2020 guidelines, we conducted a systematic literature review of publications from 2016-2024, employing rigor...
May 30, 2025Open Access
This paper explores the complex dynamics influencing the appreciation of parallel market rates in African nations amidst tight liquidity conditions. The research identifies key economic factors such as the scarcity of foreign currency, inflationary pressures, interest rate differentials, and speculation, which drive individuals and businesses toward parallel markets. Additionally, social dimensions, including public perception, increased informal transactions, and the role of remittances—are fou...
Jan 31, 2024Open Access
With the rapid development of artificial intelligence technology, natural language processing and machine learning technology have been improved. The quality and quantity of artificial intelligence writing works have been greatly improved by using deep learning algorithms and big data analysis. Some artificial intelligence writing tools can generate text content comparable to or even beyond human writing. Especially template artificial intelligence writing, with its efficient output rate and low...
Aug 16, 2022Open Access
The issue of unregulated occupations of road setbacks or plot fronts remains a complex concern in the city of Lubumbashi. These non-regulatory occupations of the public square for personal purposes give rise to a conflict of use between the individual and the community (, Bajima et al.). This study proposes to partially respond to the recommendations for revisiting the issue by continuing the observation of these areas, the literature review and proposals for possible solutions. A SWOT analysis ...
Aug 04, 2022Open Access
The formulation of each educational policy level sets the stage for its implementation, which, according to Ukeje (1986), is perhaps the most crucial aspect of planning. Unfortunately, educational policies and goal attainment in Nigeria have been irreconcilable due to implementation problems, which have caused significant constraints on the welfare of the teacher labor market. The gaps between policy formulation and implementation arouse investigations to identify factors that constrain the effe...
Jul 20, 2021Open Access
Objectives: The population of older adults is growing rapidly, creating high demand for the involvement of working family caregivers. This concurrent mixed-methods study sought to obtain information from working family caregivers regarding their perceptions of the usefulness of an online employee assistance support tool. Methods: Working family caregivers (n = 15) participated in a semi-structured focus group completing a demographic survey and the Modified Caregiver Strain Index (MCSI). Results...
Apr 30, 2021Open Access
The architectural heritage is a unique, material expression of history and culture. Bearing in mind, that the future of the historical buildings mostly depends on their integration into the economic life of the country and the sustainable development requires an adequate approach, the European Union’s experience in capitalizing architectural heritage is highly valuable. Real European examples proved that historical buildings preservation and their development and contribution to the economy are ...
Mar 23, 2021Open Access
This study described the Case of the Organization and Management of Bongabon Market Vendors Multi-Purpose Cooperative (BMVMPC). Specifically, it looked into the problems encountered of the Bongabon Market Vendor and analyzed how four Functions of Management contributes the problem of the Cooperative Market Vendor. This study used the descriptive-evaluative method and total enumeration for its sampling procedure. As to its findings, to ensure the respondents’ profitability and longevity, they “al...
Feb 26, 2021Open Access
As the salary rise for teachers has been an on-going issue, the researchers studied the spending habits of the teaching personnel and their reasons in borrowing money from financing institutions. This study was conducted in twenty-two public schools in Palayan City with a total of one hundred seventy-seven teaching personnel as respondents. Descriptive research was used in this study through survey questionnaire and interview method in order to reveal the relationship between variables and to an...
Nov 27, 2020Open Access
The use of water resources is ineffective although Turkey has insufficient freshwater resources. Dry farming is practiced in a large part of agricultural land. This land due to insufficient precipitation throughout the country is left to fallow once in two years. Agricultural drought is becoming a severe challenge for agriculture and food security, and it may also impact the wealth of farmers by agriculture income. So, it causes widespread concern among the rural population. There is a close rel...
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