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Jun 09, 2025Open Access
Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome (NMS) and anticholinergic toxicity are two different but clinically similar disorders that are commonly seen in neuropsychiatric and emergency toxicological settings. Rapid differential diagnosis is made more difficult by the symptoms of both disorders, which frequently include delirium, heat, and autonomic instability. Interventions that result from misidentification may be detrimental or ineffectual. Using a machine learning-driven methodology, this work attempts...
Apr 21, 2025Open Access
Background: Ethanol is a common drug of abuse which leads to various medicolegal issues in Sri Lanka. It is clinically assessed currently and needs a supportive testing method during examination. Methods: An electronic breathalyzer and quantitative ethanol detector test kit were used as testing methods. The electronic breathalyzer was used to blow into the mouthpiece to get a value. The quantitative ethanol detector test kit was used by soaking the cotton bulb e...
Mar 03, 2025Open Access
Context: Vonoprazan fumarate is the first-in-class innovative P-CAB (potassium-competitive acid blocker) authorized and launched in the Bangladeshi pharmaceutical market in June 2023. There is no study yet on the pharmaceutical quality of Vonoprazan fumarate products manufactured and marketed in Bangladesh. Systematic assessment of pharmaceutical quality parameters is a crucial part of the continuous quality improvement and monitoring of pharmaceutical products. It is also an ou...
Feb 19, 2025Open Access
Bipolar disorder (BD) and obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) frequently co-occur, presenting complex clinical challenges that often compromise treatment outcomes. This case report highlights the beneficial effects of quetiapine monotherapy in a 30-year-old female patient diagnosed with bipolar depression and comorbid OCD. Traditional selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), the first-line treatment for OCD, can induce manic episodes in bipolar patients, necessitating alternative approac...
Jan 08, 2025Open Access
Infrared (IR) dyes, especially those within the near-infrared (NIR) spectrum, hold significant promise for in vivo visualization, due to their ability to access biological tissues and significantly reduce background interference from autofluorescence. Nanoparticles integrated with IR dyes have undergone extensive investigation regarding their pharmacokinetic behavior, including biodistribution patterns and clearance mechanisms. These nanoparticles exhibit a remarkable ability to prefere...
Nov 18, 2024Open Access
Background: Chronic pain management presents significant challenges in clinical practice, particularly in selecting pharmacological treatments that balance efficacy and safety. GABAergic and opioid medications are two commonly prescribed drug classes for pain relief, but their comparative effectiveness and safety profiles remain a topic of ongoing debate. Objectives: This study aims to compare the effectiveness and safety of GABAergic and opioid medications in m...
Nov 15, 2024Open Access
Background: Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) were among the earliest antidepressants developed and remain a viable treatment option, particularly for patients with treatment-resistant depression (TRD). This report presents two cases of TRD successfully treated with MAOIs after failure of multiple antidepressants. Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of MAOIs in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) who did not respond to selective serotonin reuptake i...
Nov 07, 2024Open Access
Background: Tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs) have historically played a central role in treating depression but are often overshadowed by newer antidepressants due to their side effect profiles. However, TCAs remain a valuable option, particularly for patients with treatment-resistant depression (TRD), where other medications fail to achieve symptom remission. Objective: This study aims to evaluate the efficacy of TCAs in resolving treatment-resistant depression...
Nov 07, 2024Open Access
Background: Antipsychotic medications are crucial for managing psychiatric disorders such as schizophrenia, but their use can lead to side effects. This study compares the efficacy and side effects of monotherapy versus bi-therapy in the treatment of schizophrenia. Bi-therapy, also known as dual therapy or combination therapy, refers to the use of two medications simultaneously to treat a medical condition. Objective: This paper aims to evaluate the comparative ...
Oct 10, 2024Open Access
Functionalized graphene oxide (GO), known for its unique physicochemical properties and biocompatibility, has demonstrated significant potential in the realms of drug delivery and biomedical imaging. This review initially presents the chemical functionalization approaches for GO, including surface modification and doping techniques, which notably enhance its stability and functionality for biomedical applications. Subsequently, it delves into the applications of functionalized GO in drug deliver...
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