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Sep 09, 2026Open Access
Ethnobotanical use value can guide the selection of medicinal plants for laboratory phytochemical documentation. This study characterized the qualitative phytochemical profiles of 33 medicinal plants selected from an ethnobotanical dataset in Camarines Sur, Philippines. Plant materials were extracted by 72-h cold maceration in ethanol (1:10, w/v), and extracts were screened for alkaloids, flavonoids, glycosides, phenolics, phytosterols, phlobatannins, steroids, terpenoids, and saponins using est...
Jul 22, 2026Open Access
This study investigated the formulation, physicochemical evaluation, and instrumental characterization of sustainable carbo tablets prepared from coconut shell-derived activated carbon using gelatin and sodium alginate as binder systems in accordance with United States Pharmacopeia (USP 30) standards. Five formulations comprising gelatin-based tablets (FCTG) and sodium alginate formulations containing 1% - 4% binder concentrations (FCTa1-FCTa4) were developed and compared with a commercial carbo...
May 22, 2026Open Access
Polyphenolic antioxidants are a diverse class of plant-derived secondary metabolites ubiquitously found in plant-based foods, highly promising for therapeutic intervention of various diseases. This review systematically co-vers dietary polyphenols from common food sources, purified compounds, polyphenol-rich plant extracts, and emerging delivery systems for bioavaila-bility enhancement, with a core focus on their molecular mechanisms of ac-tion and therapeutic potential in neurodegenerative dise...
Aug 19, 2025Open Access
This paper describes a male infant in whom linear growth slowed after taking Leonurus artemisia motherwort tablets during his mother’s breastfeeding period. Examination ruled out common endocrine, nutritional, and genetic causes, and the case was therefore classified as idiopathic short stature. It is concluded that bioactive compounds through milk may have disrupted signalling pathways related to growth. It advocates minimizing the use of drugs during breastfeeding.
Aug 12, 2025Open Access
Warfarin remains a widely prescribed oral anticoagulant despite its narrow therapeutic index and its association with life-threatening bleeding events. This systematic review examined the impact of clinical risk factors on international normalized ratio (INR) control in patients receiving Warfarin therapy. Following the PRISMA-P guidelines, we searched four electronic databases (PubMed, SCOPUS, Embase, and Web of Science) using Medical Subject Headings to identify eligible cohort studies publish...
Jul 17, 2025Open Access
Many diseases are linked to abnormalities of gene expression patterns, and therefore, the study of drugs that alter gene expression patterns is important for improving these diseases. In pharmacology books, we cannot see the data of drug-altered gene expression patterns except the mechanisms of action of drugs. In this paper, we propose focusing on gene expression alterations and giving up the mechanisms of action of drugs.
Jan 08, 2025Open Access
Infrared (IR) dyes, especially those within the near-infrared (NIR) spectrum, hold significant promise for in vivo visualization, due to their ability to access biological tissues and significantly reduce background interference from autofluorescence. Nanoparticles integrated with IR dyes have undergone extensive investigation regarding their pharmacokinetic behavior, including biodistribution patterns and clearance mechanisms. These nanoparticles exhibit a remarkable ability to prefere...
Dec 11, 2024Open Access
Introduction: The increased use of antibiotics in livestock production, particularly poultry, has prompted serious public health concerns due to the possibility of antibiotic residues in the food supply chain. This study examined the levels of tetracycline residues in broiler chicken meat samples including liver, small intestine, and thigh muscle tissues collected from two major markets in Zanzibar namely, Mwanakwerekwe and Darajani. An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay test was...
Apr 30, 2024Open Access
Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) is an immune-mediated polyradiculoneuropathy. It is recognized as a serious condition, because it includes dysautonomia and respiratory affection. In fact, there have been an increasing number of reports about GBS vaccine-related vaccinations as the COVID-19 vaccination campaign goes on. Here, we report two cases of Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) following the first dose of the Oxford/AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccine. Symptoms appeared 21 days after vaccination, with acu...
Mar 26, 2024Open Access
In medical practice, X-ray is mainly used as a diagnostic test and a type of radiation therapy for cancer and other diseases. However, the X-rays seem no use in the prevention of diseases. Since X-rays can alter gene expression patterns in host cells, it might have capacity to protect people from all viral infections based on our antiviral theory. We assume that X-ray irradiation on the upper respiratory tract could protect normal people from respiratory viral infections. If a low-dose X-ray irr...
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