Profile of Parkinson’s Patients with Major Cognitive Deficits Received for Consultation at the Ibrahima Pierre Ndiaye Neuroscience Clinic at the CHNU de Fann in 2022

Introduction: Major cognitive deficits are common in Parkinson’s disease, especially in the advanced stages. The objective of this study was to determine the profile of Parkinson’s patients with major cognitive deficits seen at the Neurosciences Clinic. Patients and Methods: This is a 3-month cross-sectional study (March-June 2022). Parkinson’s patients meeting the MDS (Movement Disorder Society) criteria were included in the study. They underwent a neuropsychological assessment (Senegal Test score ≤ 28/39) and ADL assessment (Keur Madiabel Test score ≤ 5/6), considered to have a major cognitive deficit according to DSM5. Results: We identified 257 patients, 56 of whom presented with major cognitive impairment, representing a frequency of 21.7% and an adjusted frequency of 23.3%. They were predominantly male (46 cases, or 82%). The mean age was 74.6 ± 15 years. The age group of 60 - 80 years was the most affected. Shopkeepers (46%) were the most represented. Hypertension was found in (46%) of cases. The mode of onset was progressive (93%). Executive/visuospatial functions (66.1%) and memory (37.5%) were the most impaired cognitive domains. All patients were on L-Dopa to treat motor symptoms. Conclusion: The assessment of Parkinson’s patients with the Senegal Test and the Keur Madiabel Test is of value in the management of major cognitive deficits.