Omega-3 Fish Oil Safety and Efficacy for Cardiac Patients

Eicosapentaenoic acid [EPA] and docosahexaenoic acid [DHA] and other omega-3 fatty acids have been extensively studied for their cardiovascular importance. They have anti-inflammatory, antiarrhythmic, and lipid-modulating properties. Omega-3 supplementation has been intensely studied for its effect on cardiac health in relation to its efficacy and safety in preventing cardiac events. Insights into its benefits and associated risks, in particular, are based on randomized controlled trials and systematic reviews, especially when high-dose EPA formulations are recommended. Although there have been conflicting studies, there appears to be some evidence that high-dose EPA formulations may reduce cardiovascular events. Their application is further complicated by safety concerns [increased atrial fibrillation risk and bleeding tendencies]. Nevertheless, tailored omega-3 interventions are likely to be of significant benefit to certain subgroups, such as those with high triglycerides or a high cardiovascular risk. The data suggest that omega-3 supplementation should be taken carefully to avoid the risks of therapeutic benefit. A foundation for advancing personalized cardiovascular therapies and improving clinical outcomes is given by additional insights into dosage, formulation, and patient characteristics.