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Herpes Simplex Virus 1, Cytomegalovirus and Epstein Barr Virus Detection in Patients with Chronic and Aggressive Periodontitis

DOI: 10.4236/oalib.1102557, PP. 1-9

Subject Areas: Virology, Dentistry

Keywords: Periodontitis, Gingival Crevicular Fluid, Cytomegalovirus, Herpes Simplex Virus, Epstein Barr Virus

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Abstract

Recent investigations suggest that the viruses of the family Herpesviridae are associated with periodontal disease, demonstrating a possible association with the presence of Human Cytomegalovirus (HCMV), Herpes Simplex Virus 1 (HSV-1) and Epstein Barr Virus (EBV) in periodontal tissues. Aim: To analyze the association between the presence of HSV-1, HCMV and EBV in patients with chronic or aggressive periodontitis. Methods: Crevicular fluid samples were collected from 11 patients with aggressive periodontitis (AgP), 11 with chronic periodontitis (CP) and 11 healthy control subjects (CG). The following clinical parameters were measured: plaque index (PI), bleeding on probing (BOP), probing depths (PD) and clinical attachment loss (CAL). Viral detection was performed by PCR for HSV-1, HCMV and EBV. Results: HCMV was detected in 27.3% of AgP patients but not detected in CP and healthy subjects; HSV-1 in 27.3% of AgP and CP group and in 9.1% of CG. EBV-1 was detected in 18.2% of CP patients and 9.1% of the CG. HCMV and HSV-1 coinfection was detected in 18.8% of AgP patients and 9.09% of viral coinfection between HSV-1 and VEB, within the CP group. The AgP group exhibited the higher values for all clinical parameters evaluated, respect to the CP and control group. Conclusion: The presence of HCMV may be related to periodontal disease, specifically in cases of AgP, and it may play a synergistic role with other infectious agents from the oral cavity associated with the development of periodontitis.

Cite this paper

Hernández, H. H. , Fernandes, A. S. , Escalona, L. A. and Correnti, M. (2016). Herpes Simplex Virus 1, Cytomegalovirus and Epstein Barr Virus Detection in Patients with Chronic and Aggressive Periodontitis. Open Access Library Journal, 3, e2557. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/oalib.1102557.

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