This article examines how Jenni Fagan’s The Panopticon portrays the traumatic experiences of marginalized youth subjected to institutional surveillance and social exclusion. Drawing on trauma theory, Foucauldian panopticism, and resilience studies, it analyzes the ways trauma fragments identity while institutional labeling reinforces marginalization and stigma. Through the character of Anais Hendricks, the study highlights the psychological effects of abuse, abandonment, and discipl...

Library, Intelligence and Philology  Linguistics  Literature 

The gastronomy sector is continuously evolving in response to changes in both supply and demand. Gastronomic establishments strive to adapt their services to the needs of individuals, families, business professionals and tourists. Their success largely depends on effective human resource management, making leadership an important factor in organizational performance. Contemporary leadership approaches emphasize employee motivation, collaboration, flexibility and ethical behavior, which contribut...

Business Management 

This study investigates the application of Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) for predicting welding-induced transverse distortion in Tungsten Inert Gas (TIG) welding of 10 mm thick ASTM A36 mild steel plates. Experimental data from a Face-Centered Central Composite Design (FCCD) were used to train, validate, and test a feedforward ANN model with four input parameters (current, voltage, gas flow rate, and welding speed) to produce a single response output of transverse distortion. The ANN model de...

Machine Learning 

Artificial intelligence (AI) is one of the most disruptive technologies that have been impacting e-commerce. This review paper will consider AI applications in e-commerce, as well as its challenges and future developments. First of all, this paper will focus on the use of AI in the form of personal recommendations, chatbots, and virtual assistants and sentiment analysis for managing customers’ feedback. In addition, the paper will provide an overview of the use of AI for supply chain and l...

Electronic Commerce 

Methodology: In this paper, we aim to investigate endemic and epidemic transitions in the SEIQRV model using catastrophe theory. By incorporating nonlinear interactions among susceptible, exposed, infected, quarantined, recovered, and vaccinated populations, the model reveals that disease dynamics may undergo abrupt qualitative changes under small variations in epidemiological or control parameters. Using catastrophe-theoretic analysis, we show that epidemic onset, persistence, and elimin...

Epidemiology 

Methodology: This study formulates a 5 × 5 SEIRV (Susceptible-Exposed-Infected-Recovered-Vaccinated) nonlinear epidemic matrix model to investigate epidemic dynamics through catastrophe theory. The nonlinear system is reduced near equilibrium points, and the infected population dynamics are transformed into a cubic structure equivalent to the cusp catastrophe model. Analytical methods are employed to derive conditions for multiple equilibria, bifurcation, and sudden epidemic transiti...

Epidemiology 

The implementation of China’s New Liberal Arts initiative and the rapid development of artificial intelligence (AI) have accelerated the transformation of foreign language education. This paper explores the application of smart teaching in foreign language education under the New Liberal Arts framework. Through literature review and teaching practice, it proposes a smart teaching ecological model integrating digital learning resources, intelligent instructional interaction, personalized le...

Language Education  Art 

Culinary culture reflects national characteristics, and Chinese cuisine culture has a particularly long and rich history. In the context of globalization, the influence of Chinese cuisine has gradually increased. However, due to linguistic and cultural differences, the dissemination of its culinary terminology has encountered obstacles. This study focuses on the terminology of Chinese cooking methods. It first classifies these terms into four categories based on the heat transfer media—oil...

Linguistics 

This systematic review assesses the policy implications of advancing biochar systems for climate mitigation, soil restoration, and climate-resilient agriculture in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), using Kenya as a focal case. Following PRISMA 2020 guidelines, it analyzes peer-reviewed literature from 2010-2025. Biochar derived from agricultural and forestry residues consistently improves soil structure, pH, water retention, and nutrient availability, with field-scale crop yield increases typically rang...

Environmental Sciences 

This study examines the influence of strategic financial management of human capital investments and their contribution on macroeconomic performance, proxied by GDP per capita growth. While human capital is widely recognized as a key driver of productivity and competitiveness, empirical evidence linking financial strategy to workforce investment remains limited. This study uses panel data from 80 developing countries over the period 2005-2022, sourced from the World Bank’s World Developmen...

Economics