The geometric integrity of the fusion zone (FZ) is a critical determinant of weld quality in Tungsten Inert Gas (TIG) welding. This study presents a comparative analysis of Response Surface Methodology (RSM) and Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) for modeling and predicting FZ width geometry in AISI 1020 mild steel weldments. Experiments were conducted using a Central Composite Design (CCD) comprising 30 runs, varying current, voltage, travel speed, and gas flow rate. A quadratic regression model ...

Materials Engineering 

Vacuum-assisted resin transfer molding (VARTM) offers potential advantages for producing large-scale composite structures, including relatively low-cost processing and the ability to achieve high fiber volume fractions. However, for many aircraft applications, VARTM currently faces challenges in providing consistent repeatability and controlling process variability. Understanding and minimizing the sources of this variability is essential to reliably produce aircraft-quality parts. Models have b...

Materials Engineering 

Empirical Evaluation of the Durability of Eremospatha spp. (Kekele) Lianas in the Vernacular Architecture of Kisangani, DR Congo: An Ethnoscientific and Observational Approach The vines of the genus Eremospatha, locally known as “Kekele”, are ubiquitous construction materials in the vernacular structures of Kisangani, in the Democratic Republic of Congo. This study aims to empirically evaluate their durability through an approach that combines direct observation, ethnoscientific analysis of loca...

Civil Engineering  Materials Engineering 

The development of low-cost and environmentally friendly solar cell technologies has attracted significant attention as an alternative to traditional silicon-based devices. Carbon dots (CD_s), owing to their tunable optical band gap, strong absorption in the visible spectrum, and excellent electron-donating properties, have emerged as promising sensitizers and interfacial modifiers in solar energy conversion systems. In this study, we present a systematic investigation of CD_s...

Metal Material  Structural Material  Nanometer Materials  Materials Engineering  Physical Chemistry  Material Experiment 

An architectural tour of our rural areas around the world showcases unique expressions of cultural identity through our buildings, spatial layouts, and decorations, often overshadowed in urban environments; Chad is no exception. Authors present their strategies for promoting local identities. In Chad, the architect-urban planner Senoussi Ahmat Senoussi oversees the women of Gaoui as they enhance their techniques in earthen decoration. Also, the architect ROGER Boriata studied the variation of tr...

Chemical Engineering & Technology  Civil Engineering  Materials Engineering  Mechanical Engineering  Architecture 

The study of contact line heat transfer during boiling is of great importance in heat transfer mechanisms. With the rise in heat load in electronics cooling there is a limitation from conventional air and liquid cooling. The contact line of the departing bubble aligned with heater surface plays a greater significance due to the presence of solid, liquid & vapor interface or the triple interline region. The present study aimed to study heat transfer in various surface morphologies. Specimens ...

Materials Engineering 

Solar energy is becoming a viable and alternative renewable energy source. The sun generates solar energy, whereas fossil fuels are extracted, which is detrimental to the environment. The availability of fossil fuels is diminishing, although solar energy is plentiful. The utilization of fossil fuels to fulfil our requirements, such as electricity, produces energy applicable to diverse purposes. The combustion of fossil fuels generates detrimental gasses, resulting in air, water, and soil polluti...

Environmental Chemistry  Materials Engineering 

The Design of Experiments (DOE) approach is a way of applying statistics to experimentation in a methodical manner. Because experimenting is so common in industries, most engineers (and scientists) end up analyzing their trials with statistics. Although there is a general set of rules and processes for performing the design of experiments (DOE), the literature lacks a recommended course of action for identifying and selecting the optimal design of experiments from a vast number of viable designs...

Materials Engineering  Mechanical Engineering 

This study explores the impact of process parameters and infill patterns, namely zig-zag and gyroid, on Fused Deposition Modelling (FDM) 3D printing. The research investigates how variations in critical parameters like nozzle temperature, print speed, and bed temperature, coupled with different infill patterns, influence the mechanical performance of printed specimens. Tensile and flexural tests were conducted to assess strength, stiffness, and resilience. Results indicate that infill patte

...

Materials Engineering 

In the present study, the effect of titanium content on the structure, electrical conductivity and mechanical properties of Cu-3wt%Si alloys were investigated. The experimental alloys were produced with various titanium concentrations of 0.1%, 0.2%, 0.3%, 0.4%, 0.5%, 0.6%, 0.7%, 0.8%, 0.9%, 1%, 1.5%, 2% and 3% by weight using permanent mould casting technique. Tensile, hardness, impact and conductivity tests were carried out on the cast samples. Micro-structures of the specimens were also analyz...

Materials Engineering  Mechanical Engineering