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Jan 06, 2026Open Access
This study utilizes an ordered probit model to analyze the determinants of sovereign credit ratings for East African countries from 2010 to 2022, based on ratings from major agencies. The findings reveal that the impact of various macroeconomic factors—such as GDP growth, GDP per capita, external debt, current account balance, inflation, and unemployment—differs according to the income level of each country. In high-income countries, GDP and the rule of law are the most significant determinants,...
Sep 04, 2025Open Access
This study examines Japan’s market outlook, challenges, and strategic interventions for the sustainable thriving of the market. A review presents Japan as one of the global critical economic players, with high GDP, technological capabilities, an effective workforce, and other crucial comparative advantages. Japan recently experienced population decline, stagnant growth, and other economic phenomena that affected its business landscape and economic performance. Furthermore, this study examines sp...
Aug 13, 2024Open Access
The study investigated the effect of Fiscal and Monetary Policy on Private Investment in Rwanda. The aim of the study was to examine the impact of fiscal policies on private investment in Rwanda, evaluate the influence of monetary policies on private investment dynamics in the Rwandan economy, and assess the combined effects of fiscal and monetary policies on the overall private investment climate in Rwanda. The VAR model was applied to analyze the relationship between fiscal and monetary policy...
Jul 31, 2024Open Access
The multiplicate role of institutional quality in the monetary policy-economic growth nexus from the Ghanaian perspective has remained unexplored. This investigation explores two objectives. First, to analyse the effect of monetary policy on economic growth and second, to examine the multiplicative role of institutional quality in the monetary policy-economic growth nexus in Ghana. The study used secondary data col-lected from 1990-2021 and employed the bound testing to cointegration and ARDL te...
May 26, 2021Open Access
We consider an interbank market and a central bank in an agent-based macroeconomic model with credit and capital to evaluate the effects of monetary policies—conventional and quantitative easing. We find quantitative easing outperforms Taylor’s rule-style policies in smoothing out the business cycle.
Feb 04, 2021Open Access
Promoting small and medium size enterprises is a governmental strategy aimed at achieving national economic development through poverty alleviation, employment creation and other income generation activities. This study examined the determinants of small and medium size enterprises access to credit schemes around Mezam Division located in the North West Region of Cameroon. A two-stage sampling technique was used to obtain data from over 294 enterprises. Descriptive statistics and logit regressio...
Nov 30, 2018Open Access
The main objective of the study is to investigate the long run performance of the All Share Price Index (ASPI) of the Colombo Stock Exchange, based on the economic activities of Sri Lanka using cointegration and auto regressive time series. The cointegration test illustrates that share price index is cointegrated with a specific set of macroeconomic variables, i.e. exchange rate (USD/LKR), money supply, wage rates, wet foreign ass ...
Sep 14, 2017Open Access
This study investigated
the incidence of capital flight in Nigeria. A combination of the push factors
theory and the portfolio risk approach was employed. The policy and economic
environments and political developments were suspected enabling factors. The
analysis was confined to the short run in order to avoid the ambiguity inherent
in the long run effects of some explanatory variables. Following from the
preliminary data analysi ...
Aug 19, 2016Open Access
Humanity faces today several challenges, from environmental deterioration
to consumerism and a demand from the economy to sustain exponential growth over
the long term. A new middle class in emerging markets in Latin America and Asia
is gaining purchasing power. The issue of exponential growth is explored as
to whether or not it is really sustainable based on a computational experiment.
Also, the very idea of money is scrutinized. ...
Jan 30, 2015Open Access
Turkish tourism was developed as more dependent on external demand until
the 2000s. With the effect of increase in demand of domestic tourism, Turkish
tourism has gained more stable and more balanced structure in the early 21st
century. Economic stability in recent years, personal income growth, developments
in the banking and finance sector play an important role in this increase in
demand for domestic tourism. In parallel to these developments in Turkey,
increasing use of consumer credit has i...
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