Objective: Vitamin D, a key regulator of phosphocalcic metabolism, plays a central role in bone remodeling—a fundamental process underlying orthodontic tooth movement and post-treatment stability. Its specific influence on orthodontic outcomes, and in particular on relapse prevention, remains insufficiently characterized. This review systematizes the recent evidence on the role of vitamin D in orthodontics, focusing on its biological mechanisms and its potential to enhance treatment stability. Materials and Methods: A literature search was conducted in PubMed, ScienceDirect, Springer, and Google Scholar for studies published between 2013 and 2024. Selection followed the PRISMA recommendations, with an initial screening of titles and abstracts followed by full-text analysis. Relevant data were then extracted and critically appraised. Results: Of 3792 references initially identified, 2223 were retained after removal of duplicates and date restriction. After full-text reading, 27 articles were included: 6 meta-analyses and systematic reviews, 2 narrative reviews, 4 randomized clinical trials, 2 prospective studies, 1 in vitro study, 10 in vivo studies, and 2 longitudinal studies. Discussion: The body of evidence converges on a decisive role of vitamin D in bone remodeling, through modulation of the RANKL/OPG ratio and of the osteoclast/osteoblast balance. At physiological doses, it accelerates tooth movement and promotes higher-quality bone regeneration, reducing the risk of relapse and supporting periodontal fiber reorganization. Inappropriate dosing may, however, produce paradoxical effects, notably excessive bone densification that hinders tooth mobility. Methodological heterogeneity and small sample sizes limit the strength of current conclusions. Conclusion: Vitamin D emerges as a promising therapeutic adjunct in orthodontics, with notable benefits for bone remodeling and post-treatment stability. An individualized approach accounting for each patient’s vitamin D status remains essential, as do large-scale clinical trials to establish reliable recommendations.
Cite this paper
Moussaid, A. , Bouzid, H. , Alami, S. and Aouame, A. E. (2026). Effects of Vitamin D on Orthodontic Tooth Movement and Treatment Stability: A Literature Review. Open Access Library Journal, 13, e15664. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/oalib.1115664.
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