Blockchain Technology in Supply Chain Management: Enhancing Transparency and Efficiency

Blockchain technology has emerged as a transformative tool in the supply chain industry, offering enhanced transparency, efficiency, and performance. This study examines the direct and indirect effects of blockchain technology adoption (UTBC) on Export Performance (EXPE) and Supply Chain Management Performance (SMFP), with Supply Chain Efficiency (SCEF) as a mediating variable. Using data collected from 300 supply chain professionals through a structured survey, a Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) approach was employed to validate the measurement model and test the structural hypotheses. The results indicate that blockchain adoption significantly enhances supply chain efficiency and user experience, which in turn positively impacts performance outcomes. However, direct effects of blockchain experience on performance were found to be non-significant, emphasizing the importance of mediation through operational efficiency. This study contributes to the growing literature on blockchain technology by highlighting its critical role in optimizing supply chain processes and export outcomes. The findings provide actionable insights for practitioners aiming to leverage blockchain for strategic supply chain improvement.