Background: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and Sjögren Syndrome (SS) are chronic autoimmune diseases with a spectrum of clinical and serological presentations. Multiple myeloma (MM) has been demonstrated in the course of these diseases. However, the occurrence of MM in young patients under 30 years with SLE and SS has never been described. Case presentation: We describe the first documented case of a 27-year-old Senegalese woman who presented MM after two years with SLE and SS symptoms. The diagnosis of these conditions was made simultaneously at presentation. The diagnosis of SLE associated with SS was made based on the presence of joint involvement, acute cutaneous lupus, non-scarring alopecia, positive antinuclear antibody, positive anti-Smith antibody for SLE and positivity of anti-SSA (Ro) antibodies, positive Schirmer tear test for SS. On the other hand, the diagnosis of MM was made based on inflammatory bone pain, peak monoclonal hyper gammopathy, bone lytic lesions on skull radiography, and bone marrow aspiration revealing plasma cells at 7% with some dystrophic plasma cells. Due to a lack of resources, immunofixation electrophoresis was not performed. Conclusion: Systemic lupus erythematosus and Sjögren’s Syndrome increase the risk of multiple myeloma. The clinicians should consider the possibility of multiple myeloma in young patients with these autoimmune diseases.
Cite this paper
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