Examining the Role of Pre-Colonial Trade in Shaping Buganda’s Socio-Economic Structure and the Impact of European Arrival from 1750 to 1900

This paper examines the intricate relationship between pre-colonial trade dynamics, socio-economic organization in Buganda, and the transformative impact of European arrival during the period from 1750 to 1900. Buganda, a prominent kingdom in East Africa, developed a sophisticated trading network long before European intervention. Utilizing a combination of archaeological evidence, oral traditions, and historical accounts, this study elucidates the central role of trade routes, commodities, and market systems in shaping Buganda’s socio-economic structures. Furthermore, it investigates how the arrival of Europeans, particularly British and German explorers and traders, introduced significant disruptions to existing trade patterns and power dynamics within Buganda. The paper also explores the implications of this encounter, including the spread of Christianity, the introduction of cash crops, and the erosion of indigenous economic systems. By analysing the interplay between pre-colonial trade, socio-economic organization, and foreigners’ influence, this study contributes to a deeper understanding of Buganda’s historical development and its enduring legacy in the modern era.