Evaluation of Groundwater Using Single Cell Thana Model: Study on Pirgachha Upazila, Rangpur District, North-Western Part of Bangladesh

The nation occupies a special location at the meeting point of the Ganges, Brahmaputra, and Meghna (GBM), three significant rivers. The three rivers’ waters empty into the Bay of Bengal. For the following reasons, the catchment area of the three rivers is considered to be part of one basin: Ganges-Brahmaputra-Meghna Basin. In the basin where the Teesta River flows northwest near Pirgachha Upazila. This upazila’s upper aquifer has a direct connection to the river, which is important for aquifer recharge. The Single Cell Thana Model, employed in this work, was created to simulate the potential of groundwater resources on a Thana basis. In Bangladesh, irrigation is the predominant use of water, especially in large urban canters where consolidation has grown significantly over the previous 25 to 30 years. This has resulted in a significant increase in food production and widespread use of irrigated agriculture during the Rabi season (15 October-15 March). It is well known that Bangladesh has water scarcity during the dry season and water plenty during the wet season, which severely disrupts the nation’s socioeconomic operations and agricultural practices. Nowadays the northwest of the country, particularly in the study area, is in a touch-and-go position. Cooperation between the countries in the co-basin is necessary to handle the issues brought on by this water shortage, as well as the effective use, conservation, and development of water resources. It is also urgently necessary to recognize the actual situation of the groundwater.