This work was carried out in the state of Yucatan, Mexico in El Zapotal reservation area. Corn is the main crop of the area cultivated in the Milpa Maya where shifting cultivation, based on the ancient slash-and-burn system, continues to be practiced by small farmers. Even though, the National Institute for Forestry, Agricultural and Livestock Research (INIFAP) has different technological components to be applied, the regionalized scope of these results has never been evaluated. The objective was to zone the reserve area for corn production (yield and surface), modeled with INIFAP technology and small farmers management, as a first step, before implementing a sound agroforestry program. For zoning, the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model was used to obtain the maps of the Homogeneous Response Units (HRU). The edaphic and climatic variables were included, as well as the physiological and management parameters of the crop to simulate and estimate crop performance. The potential yields and their corresponding areas, modeled with INIFAP technology, were the next: VERY LOW yield range from 0 to 1.68 t·h-1 (363 ha), LOW from 1.68 to 3.37 t·h-1 (3177 ha), MEDIUM from 3.37 to 5.06 t·h-1 (13,449 ha), HIGH 5.06 to 6.74 t·h-1 (39,550 ha), VERY HIGH from 6.74 to 8.40 t·h-1 (38,720 ha). With farmers’ management, potential yields and surface were as follow: VERY LOW yield from 0 to 0.77 t·h-1 (12,199 ha), LOW from 0.77 to 1.55 t·h-1 (13,236 ha), MEDIUM from 1.55 to 2.32 t·h-1 (42,448 ha), HIGH from 2.32 to 3.09 t·h-1 (38,767 ha) and VERY HIGH from 3.09 at 3.87 t·h-1 (8609 ha). Yields can increase by more than 100% by using INIFAP technology.
Cite this paper
Cano-González, A. D. J. , Ramírez-Jaramillo, G. , Ramírez-Silva, J. H. , Uzcanga-Pérez, N. G. and Lozano-Contreras, M. G. (2022). Productive Zoning for the Corn Milpa System in El Zapotal Reserve Area of Tizimin Yucatan, Mexico. Open Access Library Journal, 9, e9284. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/oalib.1109284.
Ochoa Jiménez, C.F., Camacho Sanabria, J.M., Alvarado Rosalía, R., Juan Pérez, J.I. and Fragoso Servón, P. (2020) Expansiónurbana y cambios de cobertura/uso del sueloen Playa del Carmen, Quintana Roo, México (1985-2015). Revista Geografía y Sistemas de InformaciónGeográfica, 12, 1-18.
López, E., Mendoza, M. and Acosta, A. (2002) Cambio de cobertura y uso de la tierra. El caso de la cuencaendorreica del lago de Cuitzeo, Michoacán. Gacetaecológica, 64, 19-34.
Trucíos, R., Rivera, M., Delgado, G., Estrada, J. and Cerano, J. (2013) Análisissobrecambio de uso de sueloen dos escalas de trabajo. Terra Latinoamérica, 31, 339-346.
Pal, S. and Ziaul, S. (2017) Detection of Land Use and Land Cover Change and Land Surface Temperature in English Bazar Urban Center. The Egyptian Journal of Remote Sensing and Space Sciences, 20, 125-145.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejrs.2016.11.003
Mas, J.F., Velázquez, A., Díaz-Gallegos, J.R., Mayorga-Saucedo, R., Alcántara, C., Bocco, G., Castro, R., Fernández, T. and Pérez-Vega, A. (2004) Assessing Land Use/Cover Changes: A Nationwide Multidate Spatial Database for Mexico. International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation, 5, 249-261.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jag.2004.06.002
FAO (2004) Estudio de tendencias y perspectivas del sector forestalen América Latina al año 2020: Informe Nacional: México. Roma.
https://swat.tamu.edu/media/99192/swat2009-theory.pdf
Lambin, E.F., Geist, H. and Rindfuss, R.R. (2006) Introduction: Local Processes with Global Impacts. In: Lambin, E.F. and Geist, H.J., Land Use and Land Cover Change. Local Processes and Global Impacts, Springer, Berlin, 1-8.
https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-32202-7_1
Cruz-Huerta, C., González-Guillén, M.J., Martínez-Trinidad, T. and Escalona-Maurice, M.J. (2015) Modeling Land-Use Change and Future Deforestation in Two Spatial Scales. Revista Chapingo Serie CienciasForestales y del Ambiente, 21, 137-156.
https://doi.org/10.5154/r.rchscfa.2014.06.025
López Vazquez, V.H., Balderas Plata, M.A., Chávez Mejía, M.C., Juan Pérez, J.I. and Gutiérrez Cedillo, J.G. (2015) Cambio de uso de suelo e implicacionessocioeconómicasen un áreamazahua del altiplano mexicano. CIENCIA ergo-sum, Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria de Prospectiva, 22, 136-144.
https://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=10439327004
Figueroa, F. and Sánchez-Cordero, V. (2008) Effectiveness of Natural Protected Areas to Prevent Land Use and Land Cover Change in Mexico. Biodiversity and Conservation, 17, 3223-3240. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10531-008-9423-3
https://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.1088.767&rep=rep1&type=pdf
Ochoa-Ochoa, L., Urbina-Cardona, J.N., Vázquez, L.В., Flores-Villela, G. and Bezaury-Creel, J. (2009) The Effects of Governmental Protected Areas and Social Initiatives for Land Protection on the Conservation of Mexican Amphibians. PLOS ONE, 4, e6878. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0006878
https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0006878
Illoldi-Rangel, P., TrevorFuller, M.L., Pappas, C., Sánchez-Cordero, V. and Sarkar, S. (2008) Solving the Maximum Representation Problem to Prioritize Areas for the Conservation of Terrestrial Mammals at Risk in Oaxaca. Diversity and Distributions, 14, 493-508. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1472-4642.2007.00458.x
CBD, Convention on Biological Diversity (2012) Available Tools and Technologies on Ecosystem Restoration. UNEP/CBD/COP/11/INF/18, 2012. Convention on Biological Diversity. Aichi Biodiversity Targets.
Chapa-Vargas, L. and Monzalvo-Santos, K. (2012) Natural Protected Areas of San Luis Potosí, México: Ecological Representativeness, Risks, and Conservation Implications across Scales. International Journal of Geographic Information Science, 26, 1625-1641. https://doi.org/10.1080/13658816.2011.643801
Miranda-Aragón, L., Treviño-Garza, E.J., Jiménez-Pérez, J., Aguirre-Calderón, Ο.Α., González-Tagle, Μ.Α., Pompa-García, M. and Aguirre-Salado, С.А. (2013) Monitoreo de la deforestación mediante técnicas geomáticas en el centronorte de México. Ciencia UANL, 16, 43-54.
Camacho-Sanabria, J.M., Juan, J.I., Pineda, N.В., Cadena, Е.С., Bravo, L.С. and Sanchez, M. (2015) Cambios de cobertura/uso de sueloen una porción de la zona de transiciónmexicana de montaña. Madera y Bosques, 21, 93-112.
https://doi.org/10.21829/myb.2015.211435
Delphin, S., Escobedo, F.J., Abd-Elrahman, Α. and Cropper, W.P. (2016) Urbanization as a Land Use Change Driver of Forest Ecosystem Services. Land Use Policy, 54, 188-199. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landusepol.2016.02.006
UICN-PPY (2014) Diseño de un modelogeoespacial para la identificación de zonas potenciales para la restauraciónproductiva del paisaje rural en la península de Yucatán. Informe preliminar.
Jiménez-Osornio, J.J., Caballero, A., Quezada, D. and Bello Baltasar, E. (2003) Estrategiastradicionales de apropiación de los recursos naturales. In: Colunga-García Marín, P. and Larque Saavedra, A., Eds., Naturaleza y sociedaden el áreamaya. Pasado, presente y future, Academia Mexicana de Ciencias y Centro de Investigaciones Científicas de Yucatán, 189-200.
Challenger, A. and Caballero, J. (1998) Utilización y conservación de los ecosistemasterrestres de México: Pasado, presente y futuro. Comisión Nacional para el conocimiento y Uso de la Biodiversidad (CONABIO), Distrito Federal, México, 56-60.
Neitsch, S.L., Arnold, J.G., Kiniry, J.R., Srinivasan, R. and Williams, J.R. (2005) Soil and Water Assessment Tool. Grassland, Soil and Water Research Laboratory, Agricultural Research Service, Theoretical Documentation, Texas, 475 p.
Turiján Altamirano, T., Damián Huato, M.A., Ramírez Valverde, B., Juárez Sánchez, J.P. and Estrella Chulín, N. (2012) Manejotradicional e innovación tecnológica en cultivo de maízen San José Chiapa, Puebla. Revistamexicana de cienciasagrícolas, 3, 1085-1100.
https://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S2007-9342012000600003