Differences between China and Japan from the Changes of Foreign Policy at the End of the Shogunate Era

In the 17th century, European countries gradually ushered in the dawn of modern enlightenment. Western countries desperately developed navigation and foreign trade and carried out colonial expansion. However, at this time, the feudal rulers of China and Japan in East Asia secluded the country from the outside world. As a result, it has brought serious obstacles to the development of politics, economy and culture. With the arrival of Western powers, China and Japan showed different attitudes towards the forced founding of the country.