Wheat blast caused by the fungus Magnaporthe oryzae triticum (MoT) is one of the most devastating diseases of wheat. It has caused crop losses up to 40% to 100% in various wheat cultivars in different wheat growing regions. Understanding pathogenic variation, cultural and morphological characterization of MoT isolates is one of the most efficient ways to manage the disease. This study was carried out for isolation and pathogenicity of MoT isolates and evaluation of three culture media namely Oat Meal Agar (OMA), Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA) and Potato Sucrose Agar (PSA) for their growth and cultural characteristics. Wheat blast sample was collected from different fields in two districts during the Rabi cropping season in February to March 2019, in major wheat growing areas viz. Meherpur, Mujibnagar and Chuadanga sadar upazila. A total of 15 MoT isolates were identified and characterized based on their growth parameters. MoT isolates showed comparatively higher mean mycelial growth rate on OMA (15.43 mm per day) media followed by PDA (14.34 mm per day) at 4 DAI. Minimum mean mycelial growth rate was recorded on PSA (14.02 mm per day).
Cite this paper
Ashrafi, M. L. , Aminuzzaman, F. M. , Rehena, M. K. , Tanni, J. F. and Ahmed, M. (2021). Characterization of Magnaporthe oryzae triticum on Different Culture Media. Open Access Library Journal, 8, e7521. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/oalib.1107521.
Curtis, B.C., Rajaram, S. and Gomez Macpherson, H. (2002) Bread Wheat Improvement and Production. FAO Plant Production and Protection Series No. 30. FAO, Rome.
Dixon, J. (2007) The Economics of Wheat. Research Challenges to Field to Fork. In: Buck, H.T., Nisi, J.E. and Salomon, N., Eds., Wheat Production in Stressed Environments, Springer, Dordrecht, 9-22. https://doi.org/10.1007/1-4020-5497-1_2
Kihoro, J., Njoroge, J.B., Murage, H., Ateka, E. and Makihara, D. (2013) Investigating the Impact of Rice Blast Disease on the Livelihood of the Local Farmers in Greater Mwea Region of Kenya. Springer Plus, 2, 308.
https://doi.org/10.1186/2193-1801-2-308
Couch, B. and Kohn, L. (2002) A Multilocus Gene Genealogy Concordant with Host Preference Indicates Segregation of a New Species, Magnaporthe oryzae, from M. grisea. Mycologia, 94, 683-693. https://doi.org/10.2307/3761719
Kohli, M.M., Mehta, Y.R. and Guzman, E. (2011) Pyricularia Blast—A Threat to Wheat Cultivation. Czech Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding, 47, S130.
https://doi.org/10.17221/3267-CJGPB
Igarashi, S., Utimada, C.M. and Igarashi, L.C. (1986) Pyricularia em trigo. Ocorrencia de Pyricularia spp. no estado do Parana. Fitopatologia Brasileira, 11, 351-352.
Prabhu, A.S., Filippi, M.C. and Castro, N. (1992) Pathogenic Variation among Isolates of Magnaporthe oryzae Affecting Rice, Wheat, and Grass in Brazil. Tropical Pest Management, 38, 367-371. https://doi.org/10.1080/09670879209371729
Anjos, J.R.N.D., Silva, D.B.D. and Charchar, M.J.D. (1996) Occurrence of Blast Fungus (Pyricularia grisea) on Wheat and Rye in the Savanna Region of Central Brazil. Pesquera Agropecuaria Brasileira, 31, 79-82.
Perello, A., Martinez, I. and Molina, M. (2015) First Report of Virulence and Effects Magnaporthe oryzae Isolates Causing Wheat Blast in Argentina. Plant Disease, 99, 1177. https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-11-14-1182-PDN
Goulart, A.C.P., Sousa, P.G. and Urashima, A.S. (2007) Damages in Wheat Caused by Infection of Pyricularia grisea. Summa Phytopathologica, 133, 358-363.
https://doi.org/10.1590/S0100-54052007000400007
Islam, M.T., Kim, K.H. and Choi, J. (2019) Wheat Blast in Bangladesh: The Current Situation and Future Impacts. Plant Pathology, 35, 1-10.
https://doi.org/10.5423/PPJ.RW.08.2018.0168
Aminuzzaman, F.M., Hossain, I. and Ahmed, F. (2010) Cultural Variation and Pathogenicity of Bipolaris sorokiniana on Wheat in Bangladesh. International Journal of Agriculture, Environment and Biotechnology, 3, 93-98.
Hossain, A., Jaime, A. and Silva, T. (2013) Wheat Production in Bangladesh: Its Future in the Light of Global Warming. AoB Plants, 5, 42.
https://doi.org/10.1093/aobpla/pls042
Islam, M.T., Croll, D., Gladieux, P., Soanes, D.M., Persoons, A., Bhattacharjee, P., Hossain, M.S., Gupta, D.R., Rahman, M.M., Mahboob, M.G., Cook, N., Salam, M.U., Surovy, M.Z., Sancho, V.B., Maciel, J.L.N., Nhani, A., Castroagudin, V.L., Reges, J.T.D., Ceresini, P. C., Ravel, S., Kellner, R., Fournier, E., Tharreau, D., Lebrun, M.H., Mcdonald, B.A., Stitt, T., Swan, D., Talbot, N.J., Saunders, D.G.O., Win, J. and Kamoun, S. (2016) Emergence of Wheat Blast in Bangladesh Was Caused by a South American Lineage of Magnaporthe oryzae. BMC Biology, 14, 11.
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12915-016-0309-7
Tanjina, A., Aminuzzaman, F.M., Islam, M.R., Joty, A.A., Laila, L. and Rayhanul, M.I. (2019) Survey on Wheat Blast and Morphological Variability of Magnaporthe oryzae triticum in Two South-Western Districts of Bangladesh. Bangladesh Journal of Plant Pathology, 35, 39-46.
Asfaha, M.G., Selvaraj, T. and Woldeb, G. (2015) Assessment of Disease Intensity and Isolates Characterization of Blast Disease (Pyricularia oryzae CAV.) from South West of Ethiopia. Life Sciences, 3, 271-286.
Kulkarni, S. (1973) Studies on the Blast Disease of Eleusine coracana (L.) Gaertn. (Finger Millet or Ragi) in Mysore State. M.Sc. (Agri) Thesis, U.A.S., Bangalore, 104.