Alpha-amylase is a starch hydrolyzing enzyme which has many industrial applications. In this study, Bacillus subtilis QM3 has ability to produce α-amylase. Identification was done by iodine test, based on the clear zone around the sample in starch agar plates. Alpha-amylase activity was measured using 3,5-dinitrosalicylic acid (DNS). The result showed B. subtilis QM3 can produce α-amylase and activity of α-amylase was 50.58 IU/mL. The study on enzymatic properties was found: the optimum temperature is 70°C, and its stability is high at 30°C - 70°C. The optimum pH is 6.0, and the stability is high under the condition of pH was 6.0 - 7.0. Ca2 , Na, K and Mg2 promoted the activity of alpha-amylase, and their relative enzyme activities were 130.1%, 118.1%, 115.9% and 110.4% respectively. Fe2 , Zn2 , Cu2 , Mn2 and EDTA inhibited the activity of alpha-amylase. The relative enzyme activities were 86.1% 77.8%, 67.4%, 64.2% and 48.4% respectively.
Cite this paper
Hu, Q. and Liu, J. (2021). Production of α-Amylase by Bacillus subtilis QM3 and its Enzymatic Properties. Open Access Library Journal, 8, e7291. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/oalib.1107291.
Ahmed, M.A., Eman, A.K., Manal, M.G., Maysa, E.M. and Amany, L.K. (2020) Production of a Novel α-Amylase by Bacillus Atrophaeus NRC1 Isolated from Honey: Purification and Characterization. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 148, 292-301. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.01.120
David, S., Femi, B., Gbenga, A. and Adeleke, B.S. (2017) Purification and Characterization of α-Amylase from Bacillus subtilis Isolated from Cassava Processing Sites. Journal of Bioremediation & Biodegradation, 8, 2-7.
https://doi.org/10.4172/2155-6199.1000417
Wu, X.R., Wang, Y.X., Tong, B.D., Chen, X.H. and Jian, H. (2018) Purification and Biochemical Characterization of a Thermostable and Acid-Stable Alpha-Amylase from Bacillus licheniformis B4-423. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules: Structure, Function and Interactions, 109, 329-337.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2017.12.004
Rajagopalan, G. and Krishnan, C. (2008) Alpha-Amylase Production from Catabolite Derepressed Bacillus subtilis KCC103 Utilizing Sugarcane Bagasse Hydrolysate. Bioresource Technology, 99, 3044-3050.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2007.06.001
Padma, S. and Pallavi, K. (2016) Isolation and Characterization of Amylase Producing Bacillus spp. from Selected Soil Sample. International Journal of Research in BioSciences, 5, 24-29.
Kaur, P.S., Kaur, S., Kaur, H. and Sondhi, S. (2019) Purification and Characterization of a Amylase from Bacillus licheniformis MTCC 1483 Having Applications in Textile Industry. IJEAM, 54, 363-368.
Souza, P.M.D. and Pérola, O.M. (2010) Application of Microbial α-Amylase in Industry—A Review. Brazilian Journal of Microbiology, 41, 850-861.
https://doi.org/10.1590/S1517-83822010000400004
Nielsen, J.E. and Borchert, T.V. (2000) Protein Engineering of Bacterial Alpha-Amylases. Biochimica Et Biophysica Acta, 1543, 253-274.
https://doi.org/10.1016/S0167-4838(00)00240-5
Couto, S.R. and Sanroman, M.A. (2006) Application of Solid-State Fermentation to Food Industry—A Review. Journal of Food Engineering, 76, 291-302.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2005.05.022
Jaiswal, N. and Prakash, O. (1998) Immobilization of Soybean a-Amylase on Gelatin and its Application as a Detergent Additive. Asian Journal of Biochemistry, 6, 337-346.
https://doi.org/10.3923/ajb.2011.337.346
Saideh, A.A., Abdolhamid, B.D. and Namaki, S. (2016) Characterization of a Thermostable, CaCl2-Activated and Raw-Starch Hydrolyzing Alpha-Amylase from Bacillus licheniformis AT70: Production under Solid State Fermentation by Utilizing Agricultural Wastes. Journal of Molecular Catalysis B: Enzymatic, 132, 98-106.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molcatb.2016.07.002
Ahmed, S.A., Abdella, M.A., El-Sherbiny, G.M., Ibrahim, A.M. and Atalla, S.M. (2019) Application of One-Factor-at-a-Time and Statistical Designs to Enhance α-Amylase Production by a Newly Isolate Bacillus subtilis Strain-MK1. Biocatalysis and Agricultural Biotechnology, 22, Article ID: 101397.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bcab.2019.101397
Raul, D., Biswas, T., Mukhopadhyay, S., Das, S.K. and Gupta, S. (2014) Production and Partial Purification of Alpha Amylase from Bacillus subtilis (MTCC 121) Using Solid State Fermentation. Biochemistry Research International, 2014, Article ID: 586141. https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/568141
Li, Y.J. and Hu, Q.P. (2020) Effect of Bacillus subtilis QM3 on β-Amylase Isoenzyme in Early Germination of Wheat Seed. South Asian Journal of Research in Microbiology, 6, 24-32. https://doi.org/10.9734/sajrm/2020/v6i230146
