This is a detailed experimental and comparative study evaluating the harmful effects of graded loud noise on hematological and antioxidant in Wistar albino rats. Wistar albino rats were divided into a control group (those kept away from the noise due to a generator set), groups 1 (exposed to varied, 85 - 105 db levels of loud noise from a generator) and groups 2 (exposed to less, 40 - 55 db levels of loud noise from generator set) and exposed to way off fumes from electrical generator sounds at different sound level for 8 hours each day for 28 days. The result indicated that activities and concentrations of the antioxidant enzymes: glutathione peroxidase, catalase and glutathione increased significantly (p < 0.05) when compared with the control group in group 1. There was also an increase in the concentrations of malondialdehyde and hematological parameters (RBC, WBC, PCV, hemoglobin, platelets) among the rats exposed to loud noise from a generator set in group 2, when compared to the control group.
Cite this paper
Nwuke, C. P. , Bartholomew, I. and Peter, C. D. (2021). Comparative Studies on the Effects of High Sound Levels on the Haematological Parameters and Antioxidant Levels of Wistar Albino Rats. Open Access Library Journal, 8, e7185. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/oalib.1107185.
Igwo-Ezikpe, M., Awodele, O., Anyakora, C., Ifegwu, C., Owolabi, A. and Oyewale, A. (2014) Exposure to Gasoline Power Generator Exhaust Fume Negatively Affected Hematological, Liver and Kidney Function Parameters in Female Albino Rats. The FASEB Journal, 28, 766.
Smith, A.P. and Broadbent, D.E. (1992) Non-Auditory Effects of Noise at Work: A Review of the Literature. HSE Contract Research Report No. 30, HMSO, London.
Debasish, P. and Debasish, B. (2012) Effect of Road Traffic Noise Pollution on Human Work Efficiency in Government Offices, Private Organizations, and Commercial Business Centres in Agartala City Using Fuzzy Expert System: A Case Study. Advances in Fuzzy Systems, 2012, Article ID: 828593.
https://doi.org/10.1155/2012/828593
Orensen, M., Hvidberg, M., Andersen, Z.J., Nordsborg, R.B. and Lillelund, K.G. (2011) Road Traffic Noise and Stroke: A Prospective Cohort Study. European Heart Journal, 32, 737-744. https://doi.org/10.1093/eurheartj/ehq466
Basner, M., Babisch, W., Davis A., Brink, M. and Clark, C. (2014) Auditory and Non-Auditory Effects of Noise on Health. The Lancet, 383, 1325-1332.
https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(13)61613-X
Abbate, C., Concetto, G. and Fortunato, M.O. (2005) Influence of Environmental Factors on the Evolution of Industrial Noise-Induced Hearing Loss. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 107, 351-361.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-005-3107-1
Ravindran, R., Devi, R.S., Samson, J. and Senthilvelan, M. (2005) Noise-Stress-Induced Brain Neurotransmitter Changes and the Effect of Ocimum sanctum (Linn) Treatment in Albino Rats. Journal of Pharmacological Sciences, 98, 354-360.
https://doi.org/10.1254/jphs.FP0050127
Esterbauer, H. (1993) Cytotoxicity and Genotoxicity of Lipidoxidation Products. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 57, 779-785.
https://doi.org/10.1093/ajcn/57.5.779S
Seyedtaghi, M., Narges, K., Fereshteh, N., Saeid, A., Jamshid, Y., Ramazan, A., et al. (2020) The Effect of Noise and Dust Exposure on Oxidative Stress among Livestock and Poultry Feed Industry Workers. Toxicology and Industrial Health, 36, 908-915.
https://doi.org/10.1177/0748233720962253
Liu, Y., Fiskum, G. and Schubert, D. (2002) Generation of Reactive Oxygen Species by the Mitochondrial Electron Transport Chain. Journal of Neurochemistry, 80, 780-787. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.0022-3042.2002.00744.x
Freisleben, H.J., Kriege, H., Clarke, C., Beyersdorf, F. and Zimmer, G. (1991) Hemodynamic and Mitochondrial Parameters during Hypoxia and Reoxygenation in Working Rat Hearts. Arzneimittel & Forschung, 41, 81-88.
Valero, N., Mosquera, J., Anez, G., Levy, A., Marcucci, R. and Melchor, D.M. (2013) Differential Oxidative Stress Induced by Dengue Virus in Monocytes from Human Neonates, Adult and Elderly Individuals. PLoS ONE, 8, e73221.
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0073221
Csillag, A., Boldogh, I. and Pazmandi, K. (2010) Pollen-Induced Oxidative Stress Influences Both Innate and Adaptive Immune Responses via Altering Dendritic Cell Functions. Journal of Immunology, 184, 2377-2385.
https://doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.0803938
Babisch, W. and Kamp, I. (2009) Exposure-Response Relationship of the Association between Aircraft Noise and the Risk of Hypertension. Noise Health, 11, 161-168.
https://doi.org/10.4103/1463-1741.53363
Wallin, B., Rosengren, B., Shertzer, H.G. and Camejo, G. (1993) Lipoprotein Oxidation and Measurement of Thiobarbituric Acid Reacting Substances Formation in a Single Microtiter Plate: Its Use for Evaluation of Antioxidants. Analytical Biochemistry, 208, 10-15. https://doi.org/10.1006/abio.1993.1002
Arthur, J.R. and Boyne, R. (1985) Superoxide Dismutase and Glutathione Peroxidase Activities in Neutrophils from Selenium Deficient and Copper Deficient Cattle. Life Sciences, 36, 1569-1575. https://doi.org/10.1016/0024-3205(85)90381-9
Paglia, D.E. and Valentine, W.N. (1967) Studies on the Quantitative and Qualitative Characterization of Erythrocyte Glutathione Peroxidase. Journal of Laboratory and Clinical Medicine, 70, 158-169.
Wright, B., Peters, E., Ettinger, U., Kuipers, E. and Kumari, V. (2014) Understanding Noise Stress Induced Cognitive Impairment in Healthy Adults and Its Implications for Schizophrenia. Noise Health, 16, 166-176.
https://doi.org/10.4103/1463-1741.134917
Gouin, J.P., Glaser, R., Malarkey, W.B., Beversdorf, D. and Kiecolt-Glaser, J. (2012) Chronic Stress, Daily Stressors, and Circulating Inflammatory Markers. Health Psychology, 31, 264-268. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0025536
Messarah, M., Saoudi, M., Boumendjel, A., Boulakoud, M.S. and El Feki, A. (2011) Oxidative Stress Induced by Thyroid Dysfunction in Rat Erythrocytes and Heart. Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology, 31, 33-41.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.etap.2010.09.003
Molina, S.J., Miceli, M. and Guelman, L.R. (2016) Noise Exposure and Oxidative Balance in Auditory and Extra Auditory Structures in Adult and Developing Animals. Pharmacological Approaches Aimed to Minimise Its Effects. Pharmaceutical Research, 109, 86-91. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.phrs.2015.11.022
Sabahi, A. and Moradi, I. (2002) The Effects of Noise Exposure on Rat’s Hematologic Parameters and Red Cell Indices. Iranian Journal of Medical Sciences, 27, 85-86.
Tasoglu, Ö., Sahin, A., Karatas, G., Koyuncu, E., Tasoglu, I. and Tecimel, O. (2017) Blood Mean Platelet Volume and Platelet Lymphocyte Ratio as New Predictors of Hip Osteoarthritis Severity. Medicine (Baltimore), 96, e6073.
https://doi.org/10.1097/MD.0000000000006073
Akboga, M.K., Canpolat, U., Yuksel, M., Yayla, C., Yilmaz, S. and Turak, O. (2016) Platelet to Lymphocyte Ratio as a Novel Indicator of Inflammation Is Correlated with the Severity of Metabolic Syndrome: A Single Center Large-Scale Study. Platelets, 27, 178-183. https://doi.org/10.3109/09537104.2015.1064518
Müller-Newen, G., Stope, M.B., Kraus, T. and Ziegler, P. (2017) Development of Platelets during Steady State and Inflammation. Journal of Leukocyte Biology, 101, 1109-1117. https://doi.org/10.1189/jlb.1RU0916-391RR