In the recent years, Mobile Ad-Hoc Wireless Networks (MANET) have played a key role in communication system. It is a self-configured and infrastructure-less network. It is used in different application areas like disaster recovery operations, hospitals and agricultural sectors. However, there are a lot of problems that limit the performances of this network for significantly achieving its roles in different areas. To overcome these problems, this paper enhances the performances of MANET in wireless communication system by adapting smart antenna in Ad-hoc On-Demand Distance Vector (AODV) routing protocol combining with multiple network interfaces. The improved new version AODV utilizing directional antenna and multiple network interface compared with Omni-directional antenna is evaluated based on simulations, which was done with the Network Simulator version two (NS2). Through this study, we found out that directional antennas integrating with multiple network interface throughput and end to end delays always outperform Omni-directional antennas in both random and grid scenarios for AODV routing protocol. In high communication paths and long communication distances also directional antennas have significant improvements in contrast to traditional Omni-directional antennas. Finally, we recommend that for increasing throughput and decreasing end to end delay utilizing directional antennas and multiple network interfaces in MANET technology improve the performances of the wireless communication system.
Cite this paper
Bedasa, M. F. , Bedada, A. S. and Mulatu, W. B. (2020). Adaptation of Smart Antenna with AODV Routing Protocol for Ad Hoc Wireless Networks. Open Access Library Journal, 7, e6504. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/oalib.1106504.
Kaponias, A., Politis, A. and Hilas, C. (2012) Simulation and Evaluation of MANET Routing Protocols for Educational Purposes. 2nd Pan-Hellenic Conference on Electronics and Telecommunications, Thessaloniki, Greece, 16-18 March 2012.
Hussain, M.A., Suresh Varma, P., Satya Rajesh, K., Pathan, H.B. and Sarraju, L.M. (2010) Use of Smart Antennas in Ad Hoc Networks. International Journal of Computer Science & Information Technology (IJCSIT), 2, 47-54.
https://doi.org/10.5121/ijcsit.2010.2605
Ko, Y.-B., Choi, J.-M. and Vaidya, N.H. (2007) MAC Protocols Using Directional Antennas in IEEE 802.11 Based Ad Hoc Networks. Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing, 8, 783-795.
Choudhury, R.R., Yang, X., Ramanathan, R. and Vaidya, N.H. (2002) Using Directional Antennas for Medium Access Control in Ad Hoc Networks. Proceedings of the 8th Annual International Conference on Mobile Computing and Networking, Atlanta, September 2002, 59-70. https://doi.org/10.1145/570645.570653
Takai, M., Martin, J., Ren, A. and Bagrodia, R. (2002) Directional Virtual Carrier Sensing for Directional Antennas in Mobile Ad Hoc Networks. Proceedings of the 3rd ACM International Symposium on Mobile Ad Hoc Networking & Computing, Lausanne, June 2002, 183-193. https://doi.org/10.1145/513800.513823
Shen, J., Zheng, W., Wang, J., Xia, Z. and Fu, Z. (2013) Routing Protocols Using Directional Antennas in Ad Hoc Networks: A Comparative Review. International Journal of Grid and Distributed Computing, 6, 39-50.
https://doi.org/10.14257/ijgdc.2013.6.5.04
Watanabe, M., Mitsuhashi, H., Bandai, M., Obana, S. and Watanabe, T. (2007) Empirical Discussion on Directional MAC Protocols for Ad Hoc Networks Using Practice Smart Antennas. IEEE International Conference on Communications, Glasgow, 24-28 June 2007, 3642-3647.
Sundar, M.S. and Karthik, N. (2012) Enhancing the Performance of Ad Hoc Routing Protocols Using Directional Antennas. International Journal of Computer Science and Electronics Engineering, 2, 2976-2981.
Singh, M. and Singh, M. (2013) Performance of AODV, GRP and OLSR Routing Protocols in Adhoc Network with Directional Antennas. International Journal of Computer Applications, 83, 12-18. https://doi.org/10.5120/14419-2543
Jindal, A., Singh, C. and Vir, D. (2014) Simulation Analysis of Different Routing Protocols Using Directional Antenna in Qualnet 6.1. International Journal of Advanced Research in Electrical, Electronics and Instrumentation Engineering, 3, 9408-9414.
Yadav, R.K. (2013) Efficient AODV Using Improved Flooding with Sectorized Antenna for Mobile Adhoc Networks. International Journal of Advanced Research in Computer Science and Software Engineering, 3, 922-926.
Kumar, A. and Tripathi, R. (2010) Performance Improvement of Routing Protocol in Ad-Hoc Networks Using Smart Antenna with Balance Load. International Journal of Computer and Electrical Engineering, 2, 996-1000.
Xu, K., Gerla, M. and Bae, S. (2003) Effectiveness of RTS/CTS Handshake in IEEE 802.11 Based Ad Hoc Networks. Ad Hoc Networks, 1, 107-123.
https://doi.org/10.1016/S1570-8705(03)00015-5
Mbarushimana, C. and Shahrabi, A. (2007) Comparative Study of Reactive and Proactive Routing Protocols Performance in Mobile Ad Hoc Networks. 21st International Conference on Advanced Information Networking and Applications Workshops (AINAW’07), Niagara Falls, 21-23 May 2007, 679-684.
https://doi.org/10.1109/AINAW.2007.123
Saini, G.L. and Dembla, D.D. (2013) Modeling, Implementation and Performance Evaluation of E-AODV Routing Protocol in MANETs. International Journal of Advanced Research in Computer Science and Software Engineering, 3, 1221-1227.
Ahmad, I., Ashraf, U., Anum, S. and Tahir, H. (2014) Enhanced AODV Route Discovery and Route Establishment for QOS Provision for Real Time Transmission in MANET. International Journal of Computer Networks & Communications (IJCNC), 6, 79-87. https://doi.org/10.5121/ijcnc.2014.6207
Uthansakul, M., Uthansakul, P. and Wongchompa, P. (2010) Performance Evaluation of Automatic Switched-Beam Antennas for Indoor WLAN Systems. School of Telecommunication Engineering, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima, 782-792.
Gotsis, K.A. and Sahalos, J.N. (2011) Beamforming in 3G and 4G Mobile Communications: The Switched-Beam Approach. In: Maícas, J.P., Ed., Recent Developments in Mobile Communications—A Multidisciplinary Approach, IntechOpen, London, 201-216.
