Background: Stenotrophomonas
maltophilia is a multidrug-resistant, Gram negative bacillus that has emerged as an opportunistic pathogen associated
with high morbidity and mortality rates. Aim: The aim of this study is to
describe the characteristics of patients with bloodstream infections due to S. maltophilia. Methods: A descriptive
retrospective study was performed at the ICUs over seven-year period in a teaching
hospital. Cases of SMB were identified through a review of clinical
microbiology laboratory and patient’s records were retrieved for analysis. Findings:
There were 22 deaths (71%) 15 ± 12 days after the bactaeremia. In our study,
more than half of patients (17/31) was exposed to broad-spectrum antibiotic
specifically imipinem (IMP) before their positive culture. Antibiotic
susceptibility testing revealed that isolates were most sensitive to ciprofloxacin
(84%) and to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (71%). A probable portal of entry
was identified in 27.3% of cases and 57% were catheter-related. Conclusion:Our results were similar to those
described by other authors reported in the literature in the last 20 years.
Prevention of S. maltophilia acquisition and infection depends on higher emphasis on control of antimicrobial
consumption and consideration of environmental reservoirs.
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