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BLOOD TRANSFUSION
REHMATULLAH SOOMRO,MUHAMMAD RIZWAN JAVED
The Professional Medical Journal , 2011,
Abstract: Evaluate Blood Ordering and Transfusion ratios for elective surgical procedures. Study Design, Setting &Duration: This was a prospective study carried out at Muhammad Medical College Hospital Mirpurkhas from January 2007 to December 2007.Patients & Methods: A total of 1032 patients were included, both male & female. All patients who underwent elective surgical procedures inSurgical Unit, Muhammad Medical College hospital, Mirpurkhas from January 2007 to December 2007 were included in this study. Blood unitscross matched and units transfused intra-operatively and post-operatively were recorded apart from patient demography and hepatitis profile.Results: A total of 1032 patients underwent elective surgical procedures during the study period. Total 1500 blood units arranged, among theseonly 74 units of blood were transfused. This means only 4.9% of blood was utilized while 95.1% of blood was not utilized. Cross-match totransfusion ratio (C/T) = 20.27, Transfusion probability (Tp) = 7.1 and Transfusion index (Ti) = 0.07. Conclusion: For elective surgicalprocedures, there is no need for routine cross matching of blood. However, one must confirm the availability of blood for Hepatitis B andHepatitis C reactive patients, and for cases, where the bleeding is inevitable like transvesical / transurethral removal of prostate.
VARIOUS PHARMACEUTICALS INCLUDING DRUGS AND INDUSTRIAL CHEMICALS AS ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH HAZARDS
Anita Kirrolia and Vikas Nehra*
International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research , 2012,
Abstract: This review describes the potential and, in particular, some relevant hazards associated with the use of veterinary drugs, various pharmaceuticals and industrial chemicals that have produced serious environmental risks and affected the life of people along with other animals by posing great health risks. Risk analysis regarding these problems has also been discussed with the measures to handle the problem at global level. The most contentious residues which occur in meat, milk and eggs along with the environment are antibacterial drugs, hormonal growth promoters, heavy metals and industrial chemicals that are producing potential toxic health effects that include systemic toxicity, mutations, cancer, birth defects and reproductive disorders. Systemic toxicity involves changes in the structure and function of organs and organ systems: weight change, structural alterations and changes in organ system or whole animal function. Functional effects may include changes in the lungs, liver, kidneys, cardiovascular function, brain, nervous system activity, behavior and in production of resistance to disease. Furthermore, continued monitoring and periodic reassessment of risks posed by these contaminants is needed to detect or anticipate new problems so that appropriate action can be taken in the interests of public safety.
Synthesis, photophysical properties of novel fluorescent metal complexes from 3-(1,3-benzoxazol-2-yl)naphthalen-2-ol, and their antimicrobial activities
Kiran R. Phatangare,Amol B. Patil,Vikas S. Patil,Vikas S. Padalkar
Current Chemistry Letters , 2012,
Abstract: A series of novel metal complexes containing metal atoms such as Zn, Co, Cu, Cd, Ni, Mg and Sn have been synthesized from 3-(1,3-benzoxazol-2-yl)naphthalen-2-ol. The synthesized ligand was well characterized by IR, 1H-NMR and mass spectrometry. The electrochemical properties were studied by cyclic voltammetric analysis. The synthesized complexes are fluorescent and absorb in the range of 317 to 323 nm while emit in the range of 371 to 416 nm with good quantum yield. All metal complexes show significant in vitro antibacterial activity against E. coli and S. aureus strains and in vitro antifungal activity against C. albicans and A. niger strains by using serial dilution method. The antibacterial activities were expressed as the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) in μg/mL.
Carbon effect in the sintered highspeed steels matrix composites – HSSMC
G. Matula
Journal of Achievements in Materials and Manufacturing Engineering , 2012,
Abstract: Goal: The goal of this monograph is development of the tool materials being the outcome of the concept of merging the surface engineering as the domain of knowledge with technology which is the powder metallurgy. The result are the fabricated materials with the gradient, high-speed steels matrix composites (HSSMC) surface layers on steel substrate, combining the mutually exclusive mechanical properties like the high surface hardness and ductility of a tool.Project/methodology/approach: Modern powder forming technologies were used for fabrication of the developed tool materials, e.g., powder injection moulding, pressureless forming, and classic compacting. Sintering was carried out in the vacuum or protective atmosphere conditions, which makes direct material hardening possible from the sintering temperature. Testing of mechanical properties encompassed hardness testing, bending strength testing, and determining the abrasion wear resistance. Detailed structural examinations were carried out to determine the effect of temperature and atmosphere during sintering on type and size of the carbide- and carbonitride precipitations. Moreover, retained austenite portion was determined after hardening and tempering.Achievements: The original achievement is development of the method of the polymer-powder slurry moulding for fabrication of coatings which, because of the binding agent degradation and sintering, form the homogeneous or gradient HSSMC surface layers on the steel substrate - completed or fabricated in the same technological process. Tool materials fabricated with this method are characteristic of high ductility of the steel core and high hardness of the surface layer.Limitations of research/applications: The assumption of the powder injection moulding technique is forming of the small elements with complex shapes and, therefore, this technology is not designed for fabrication of tools with the big overall dimensions. In case of the pressureless forming of the surface layers from HSSMC on the steel core or in case of regeneration of the tool worn out, the limitations come only from the heating device chamber size and the necessity to heat up the entire treated element.Practical applications: It is anticipated that the worked out and fabricated tool materials of the new generation will fill a gap in respect of the mechanical properties between the relatively ductile high-speed steels and the brittle sintered carbides. The newly developed method may be used in the mass- or piece production conditions making, e.g., regeneration possible of the costly tools’
A Novel Approach for Securing Mobile Ad Hoc Network with an Enhanced Trust Calculation Method
Amit Chauhan,Prof. R.P. Mahajan
International Journal of Computer Technology and Applications , 2012,
Abstract: A Mobile Adhoc Network is a group of wireless mobile computers in which nodes cooperate by forwarding packets for each other to allow them to communicate beyond direct wireless transmission range. Due to wide-ranging characteristics of the Ad Hoc Networks like decentralization, dynamic topology and neighbor based routing, it is always at a risk to internal as well as external attacks. In a mobile ad hoc network (MANET) where security is a crucial issue, trust plays an important factor that could improve the number of successful data transmission process. Many solutions have been proposed by the reaearchers and currently being improved in this area. Most of them are designed to operate in specific particular situations, which may fail to work successfully in other scenarios. The aim of this present work is to emphasize on the use of trust concept to enhance the security by calculating proportion based trust in a global manner. The present work offers an alternate to improve the trustworthiness of the neighbourhood and secure the routing procedure. It helps in computing the trust in neighbours and selecting the most secure route from the available ones for the data transfer. In the proposed model, trust is not calculated for any particular situation instead, it is computed based on a summary of behaviour of the node for a specific amount of period.
Microstructure, Mechanical properties and Damping behaviour of hybrid composite of A356.0
SHADAKSHARI R,VINAYAK JANIWARAD,M.H. ANNAIAH,DR.MAHESHA K
International Journal of Innovative Research in Science, Engineering and Technology , 2013,
Abstract: In this study, A356.0 alloys were reinforced with varied percentage of Alumina and Graphite by liquid metallurgy route and tested for Microstructure, Mechanical properties and Damping behaviour. Microstructure revealed uniform distribution of reinforcement in the matrix resulting in improved Mechanical properties and Damping behaviourcompared to un-reinforced material. The ceramic reinforced alloys were found to have improvement in Mechanical properties and Damping behaviour which may be attributed to the uniform distribution and bonding of reinforcement in the matrix.
Teachers think differently: Method effects on the evaluation of high intellectual ability students’ socio–emotional intelligence
Daniel Hernández,María Dolores Prieto,Rosario Bermejo,María Carmen Fernández
Revista Electronica Interuniversitaria de Formación del Profesorado , 2011,
Abstract: This paper investigates the relationship between 566 students’, their parents’ and their teachers’ perceptions on the socio–emotional competence of such sample of learners with high intellectual abilities. The results indicated that parents’ and their children’s self-perceptions were positively related, the relationship being moderately statistically significant in all socio–emotional intelligence aspects. However, the relationship between teachers’ ratings and parents’ and students’ ratings was positively statistically significant at a low level. Using a multitrait–multimethod analysis (Campbell and Fiske, 1959), the authors demonstrated strong method effects, especially in the case of teachers, indicating that ratings from different sources provide different and complementary information on the socio–emotional skills of high intellectual ability students.
Dabigatran, a direct thrombin inhibitor, in atrial fibrillation: Is it already time for a change in oral anticoagulation therapy?
Osmar Antonio Centurion
Journal of Atrial Fibrillation , 2010, DOI: 10.4022/jafib.v1i10.559
Abstract: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a common arrhythmia, and its prevalence increases with aging and the severity of heart disease. AF affects more than 2 million people in the US, and more than 4 million in Europe. It is expected that the age adjusted prevalence in US will excede 10 million people by the year 2050 .In the last decade, we were able to see the light shed by several trials that dealt with AF mechanisms and the appropriate management of AF patients. Clinical studies have focused mainly on the electrophysiological properties of the substrate in the atrial muscle during sinus rhythm and on the atrial electrical responses elicited by premature timulation method . However, many undamental aspects of this arrhythmia have been poorly understood until quite recently, and there are several features on the mechanisms of AF that makes it difficult to manage it properly. Increasing awareness of AF as a disease with possible fatal complications rather than as an acceptable alternative to sinus rhythm has led to search for clear arguments to support a certain strategy as a golden standard.
An investigation on levels of the emphatic tendencies of classroom teachers
Emine Akbulut,Halil ？brahim Sa？lam
International Journal of Human Sciences , 2010,
Abstract: The purpose of this research study is to investigate the empathic tendencies of classroom teachers according to some certain variables. Total field under survey is 1257 classroom teachers working in Düzce Province in 2009-2010. Samples consist of 307 classroom teachers, gathered through basic random sampling in the field under survey. Personal Information Form and Empathic Tendency Scale is used in the research. .05 statistical significance level is observed in the analysis of the data. A t-test method is applied for independent samples in order to determine whether the empathic tendencies of primary school classroom teachers change in relation to gender, civil status, willingness to choose to become classroom teacher, satisfaction from their job. One-Way Anova analysis is applied for independent samples in order to determine whether the empathic tendencies of primary school classroom teachers change in relation to length of service, where they live. Results show that gender has a statistically significant effect on the empathic tendencies of primary school classroom teachers. The average point of female classroom teachers' empathic tendencies is observed higher than male teachers' empathic tendencies. Results show that civil status, willingness to choose to become classroom teacher, satisfaction from their job, length of service and where they live have no statistically significant effect on the empathic tendencies of primary school classroom teachers.
Comparative study of the palm oil agricultural development policies in Indonesia: the viability in the Colombian case
Miguel Andrés Giraldo Gómez
- , 2017,
Abstract: Indonesia demuestra la importancia de generar sinergias entre los diferentes eslabones de la cadena productiva de aceite de palma a través de sus políticas públicas, con el fin de crear oportunidades en cuanto al acceso de bienes y servicios, capacitación y oportunidades de crecimiento principalmente a los peque？os campesinos. Este modelo podría ser implementado para el desarrollo agrícola de Colombia en el actual contexto de posconflicto. En ese sentido, el presente artículo tiene como objetivo identificar las políticas públicas de desarrollo agrícola enfocadas en el sector de palma de aceite en Indonesia que se convierten en referentes para la inclusión social en Colombia en el escenario de posconflicto, a partir de un enfoque comparativo de política pública. En primer lugar, se expondrá un contexto general sobre la palma de aceite en Indonesia y Colombia. Posteriormente, se analizarán las políticas agrícolas implementadas por Indonesia y Colombia principalmente en el sector palmero. Por último, se presentarán unas conclusiones y recomendaciones de política pública
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