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OALib Journal期刊

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匹配条件： “South West African People's Organisation (SWAPO)” ，找到相关结果约1000条。
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REVOLUSIONERE OORLOGVOERING VOLGENS DIE SUID WES- AFRIKA/NAMIBI - MODEL
J.C.K. Van der Merwe
Scientia Militaria : South African Journal of Military Studies , 2012, DOI: 10.5787/25-1-263
Abstract: Op 16 Augustus 1966 het 'n afdeling van die South West African People's Organisation (SWAPO) die Oshikango-grenspos in Ovamboland aangeval. Daarmee het die eerste skote in die veldtog deur SWAPO om die Suid-Afrikaanse regering se beheer oor Suidwes-Afrika/Namibi (SAW/N) te be indig, geklap. Om 'n verklaring vir hierdie opstand, wat drie-en-twintig jaar lank geduur het te vind, is dit nodig om 'n perspektief te verkry van hoofmomente vanaf 1884 met die aanvang van die Duitse besetting van SWA/N, tot 1989, toe Resolusie 435 van die Verenigde Nasies in SWA/N ge mplementeer is. Prakties gesproke stem hierdie tydperk ooreen met die tydperk van eerste en laaste opstand deur sekere inheemse volkere teen vreemde oorheersing.
NAMIBIA'S LIBERATION STRUGGLE; THE TWO-EDGED SWORD
A.H.J. Van Rooyen
Scientia Militaria : South African Journal of Military Studies , 2012, DOI: 10.5787/25-2-257
Abstract: Die boek is die eindproduk van ‘n navorsingsprojek wat in die loop van 1989, die jaar van Namibi se onafhanklikheidswording, gestalte gekry het. Die navorsingsprojek het gepoog om die herinneringe aan "n 23-jarige bevrydingstryd wetenskaplik na te vors en vir die nageslag in geskrewe vorm te bewaar. Daar is gevolglik hoofsaaklik op die wording en aktiwiteite van die South West Africa People's Organization (SWAPO), plaaslik en in ballingskap, gekonsentreer. Die medewerkers beklee op een na almal akademiese poste. Benewens een historikus, Philip Steenkamp, is die politieke en sosiale wetenskappe, sterk verteenwoordig. Susan Brown, 'n voormalige joernalis, is tans ‘n ontwikkelingskonsultant in Namibi en die enigste nie-doserende medewerker.
KORT KRONIEK VAN MILITêRE OPERASIES EN OPRTREDES IN SUIDWES-AFRIKA EN ANGOLA (1914 - 1988)
C.J. N？thling
Scientia Militaria : South African Journal of Military Studies , 2012, DOI: 10.5787/19-2-382
Abstract: South Africa's first military involvement in South West Africa took place during the early part of World War I when, following a request from Britain, an expeditionary force of 67,000 men was mobilised which led to the capture of the territory from Germany. Some minor actions followed in the intervening years but the first infiltration by SWAPO occurred during 1966 but was contained by police action. However by 1973 terrorist activity had increased to the extent that the South African Defence Force was obliged to take over this counterinsurgency role. The extensive border with Southern Angola which included terrain favourable for terrorist activity forced the RSA to take preventative measures. As a result a series of semi conventional operations were launched against SWAPO bases in Southern Angola. This article describes the various operations that were launched during the ensuing period until 1988 and which led eventually to discussions between South Africa, Cuba and the MPLA to cease hostilities. This settlement plan made provision for the implementation of Resolution 435 and the withdrawal of Cuban forces from Angola.
They Live by the Sword
E. McPherson
Scientia Militaria : South African Journal of Military Studies , 2012, DOI: 10.5787/20-4-357
Abstract: With the lifting of restrictions on information regarding South Africa's role in the Angolan and Namibian conflicts several books on this subject have been published, one of the latest being They Live by the Sword. It is the history of 32 Battalion, from the time of its formation in 1975 until the implementation of UN Resolution 435 and South West Africa's transition to an independent Namibia 14 years later. In the process the roles played by the other participants are revealed. FAPLA (military arm of the MPLA) supported by the Cubans who with SWAPO formed the enemy from the North, whilst the original FNLA, UNITA and South Africa's own SADF constituted the defendents in the South. It was from a FNLA Battalion that the 32 Battallion was formed. Col Jan Breytenbach, a highly experienced South African soldier was the founding commander of 32 Battalion and this is his second book since his retirement from active service in 1987.
THE JOINT MONITORING COMMISSION
Helmoed-R？mer Heitman,W.A. Dorning
Scientia Militaria : South African Journal of Military Studies , 2012, DOI: 10.5787/18-1-410
Abstract: The Joint Monitoring Commission (JMC) was created to oversee the withdrawal of South African forces from the portion of Angola's southern Cunene province in which they had operated for some time, and its re-occupation by the Angolan Armed Forces (Fapla). It was to ensure that neither Swapo nor Cuban forces moved into this area as the South African Defence Force (SADF) withdrew. The JMC consisted of SADF and Fapla headquarters (HQ) personnel and infantry from both armies to monitor the area concerned. It operated in southern Angola from February 1984 to May 1985.
DIE POLITIEKE KOERSWENDING VAN 1948 BESORG 'N NUWE IDENTITEIT AAN DIE UNIEVERDEDIGINGSMAG
L. Jooste
Scientia Militaria : South African Journal of Military Studies , 2012, DOI: 10.5787/26-2-246
Abstract: ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The South African National Defence Force (SANDF) came into being on 27 April 1994. The establishment of the SANDF brought far-reaching changes: integration of the old South African Defence Force and the statutory and non-statutory armed forces into a single National Defence Force; rationalization of the SANDF to an affordable force; and finally transformation of the SANDF to meet the changing needs of the new democratic South Africa. More than four decades ago, when the National Party came into power after the general election held on 26 May 1948, the country's defence force also underwent significant changes. F.G. Erasmus, Minister of Defence in D.F. Malan's cabinet, was determined to rid the Union Defence Force of its many British traditions and of its British character and he introduced a series of changes so as to furnish the Force with a distinct South African identity. In this article a few of these changes are discussed. ****** AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die Suid-Afrikaanse Nasionale Weermag (SANW) het op 27 April 1994 totstandgekom. Die stigting van die SANW het 'n tydperk van ingrypende veranderinge in Suid-Afrika se verdedigingsmag ingelui : integrasie van die ou Suid-Afrikaanse Weermag, die weermagte van die Transkei, Bophuthatswana, Venda en Ciskei, asook die gewapende magte van die African National Congress en die Pan African Congress te wete Umkhonto we Sizwe en die Azanian People's Liberation Army in 'n enkele Nasionale Weermag; rasionalisasie om die ge ntegreerde SANW tot 'n bekostigbare grootte te verskraal; en uiteindelik transformasie met die doel om die departement van Verdediging in ooreenstemming te bring met die fundamentele behoeftes en vereistes van die nuwe bestel in die land. Hierdie hervorming roep onwillekeurig die veranderinge wat Suid-Afrika se verdedigingsmag bykans vier dekades vantevore ondergaan het toe die land ook 'n nuwe politieke era betree het, in herinnering. Die Nasionale Party, onder leiding van doktor D.E Malan, het generaal J.C. Smuts se Verenigde Party op 26 Mei 1948 in die algemene verkiesing uit die kussings gelig en Malan het advokaat EC. Erasmus as Minister van Verdediging in sy kabinet aangestel. Erasmus, wat Smuts in hierdie portefeulje opgevolg het, het gedurende die daaropvolgende elf jaar verreikende veranderinge in die Unieverdedigingsmag aangebring. In die onderstaande artikel word enkele van die talle wysigings wat Erasmus ingestel het om spesifiek 'n eiesoortige identiteit aan die verdedigingsmag te verleen, onder die loep geneem.
DIE SUID-AFRIKAANSE MOTORFIETSKORPS
S.J. Ferreira
Scientia Militaria : South African Journal of Military Studies , 2012, DOI: 10.5787/8-3-773
Abstract: With the conclusion of the German South West African campaign. the ImperialGovernment requested the participation of the Union Defence Forces in the German East African campaign. As a result of experience acquired during the former campaignas well as knowledge of the rugged East African terrain. the need for a highly mobileand independent unit was considered essential. This heralded the establishment ofthe South African Motor Cycle Corps. During the East African campaign this Corps served with General Van Deventer's2 Division as a support and reconnaissance unit. In 1917 the Corps was attached to theforces under General Northey. where it saw action both in infantry and reconnaissancecapacities. When peace negotiations got underway in 1918. the Germans had retreated to Abercorn,and the South African Motor Cycle Corps returned to the Union. On arrival theCorps was immediately disbanded. and. while having no battle honours conferred nevertheless had done excellent work and had become the first unit in South Africanmilitary history to be equipped with motor cycles.
RELIGIOUS FANATICS THAT BECAME POLITICAL HEROES: THE HISTORICAL DISTORTIONS OF THE BULHOEK MASSACRE
D.H. Makobe
Scientia Militaria : South African Journal of Military Studies , 2012, DOI: 10.5787/26-2-245
Abstract: In die slotartikel word die bronne asook die polemiek rondom die Bulhoekopstand ontleed. Gedurende die sewentigerjare is die opstand beskou as deel van die Suid-Afrikaanse swart versetgeskiedenis. Nou word die pleidooi gelewer dat die Bulhoekopstand nie uit 'n politieke oogpunt benader moet word nie maar dat die feite krities ontleed moet word.
Petrography and Geochemical Characterization of Dolerites from Figuil (Northern Cameroon) and Léré (Southwestern Chad)  [PDF]
Moussa Ngarena Klamadji, Merlin Gountié Dedzo, Rigobert Tchameni, Daouda Dawa？
International Journal of Geosciences (IJG) , 2020, DOI: 10.4236/ijg.2020.117023
Abstract: This work presents the petrographic and geochemical data of the dolerite dykes crosscutting the Pan-African basement of Figuil (North-Cameroon) and Léré (South-West Chad) in order to approach their petrogenesis and their emplacement context. Two groups of dolerites have been highlighted by petrographic and geochemical studies. These groups were discriminated by their TiO2, Fe2O3, REE, Ba, Nb, Zr, La and Hf contents which are relatively higher in group I; group II, on the other hand, has higher MgO, Mg#, Sc, Ni and Cr contents. The mineralogical assemblage of these dolerites is made up by plagioclases, pyroxenes, olivine, oxides, amphibole, biotite and sometimes pyrite, calcite, apatite, epidote and chlorite. The behaviour of the major and trace elements suggest that studied dolerites have an evolution dominated by fractional crystallization. Most dolerite samples show higher REE concentrations and (La/Yb)N > 8.7, (Tb/Yb)N > 1.9 and Dy/Yb > 2 ratios characterizing a garnet-bearing mantle. The difference in incompatible elements between the two groups is explained by the degree of partial melting of the same source which becomes more important over time. Low (Ce/Yb)N values (3.3 - 11.58) also suggest relatively low partial melting degree of the source. Fractional crystallization process was possibly combined with minor crustal contamination as shown by enrichment of Th/Yb from group II to Group I that might be due to turbulent magma emplacement. The chemical compositions of these dolerites are similar to that of continental tholeiites with slightly moderate negative Nb-Ta anomalies which are attributed to crustal contamination of magmas. As other dolerites of Cameroon, continental tholeiitic signature of the studied dolerites is evidenced in geotectonic discrimination diagrams with Group II dolerite compositions falling within the field of tholeiitic basalts and group I within the field of alkali basalts.
THE SKIRMISH AT GRASSPLATZ (26 SEPTEMBER, 1914)
Jan Ploeger
Scientia Militaria : South African Journal of Military Studies , 2012, DOI: 10.5787/4-1-924
Abstract: In 1969, Harry Klein's unit history, known as Light Horse Cavalcade. The Imperial Light Horse 1899-1961, appeared in Cape Town. Established in September 1899, this unit, now renamed the Light Horse Regiment, participated actively in the Anglo Boer War, 1899-1902, and in World War 2,1939-1945.
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