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Frequency of serovars and antimicrobial resistance in Shigella spp. from Brazil

DOI: 10.1590/S0074-02762006000300003

Keywords: shigella, serovars, antimicrobial resistance surveillance, brazil.

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Abstract:

a total of 296 shigella spp. were received from state public health laboratories, during the period from 1999 to 2004, by national reference laboratory for cholera and enteric diseases (nrlced) - ioc/fiocruz, rio de janeiro, brazil. the frequency of shigella spp. was: s. flexneri (52.7%), s. sonnei (44.2%), s. boydii (2.3%), and s. dysenteriae (0.6%). the most frequent s. flexneri serovars were 2a and 1b. the highest incidence rates of shigella isolation were observed in the southeast (39%) and northeast (34%) regions and the lowest rate in the south (3%) of brazil. strains were further analyzed for antimicrobial susceptibility by disk diffusion method as part of a surveillance program on antimicrobial resistance. the highest rates of antimicrobial resistance were to trimethoprim-sulfamethozaxole (90%), tetracycline (88%), ampicillin (56%), and chloramphenicol (35%). the patterns of antimicrobial resistance among shigella isolates pose a major difficulty in the determination of an appropriate drug for shigellosis treatment. continuous monitoring of antimicrobial susceptibilities of shigella spp. through a surveillance system is thus essential for effective therapy and control measures against shigellosis.

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