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多毛类沙蚕作为生物饵料传播虾类病原风险的研究进展
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Abstract:
多毛类沙蚕是虾类主要的生物饵料，但其作为虾类病原的载体，长期以来一直未受到足够关注。本文梳理了多毛类沙蚕作为生物饵料传播虾类病害的研究进展，并提出了防控建议。多毛类沙蚕是白斑综合征病毒(WSSV)、急性肝胰腺坏死病(AHPND)和肝肠胞虫(EHP)等重要病原体的传播载体，同时多毛类沙蚕本身也是多种致病弧菌的机械携带者。鉴于多毛类传播虾类病原的风险，建议深入开展多毛类沙蚕病原学和流行病学研究，并通过规范多毛类沙蚕生产管理和探索替代产品等措施，降低多毛类沙蚕传播虾类病害的风险。本文可以为利用多毛类沙蚕作为生物饵料提供一定的理论基础，为推进水产养殖绿色可持续发展提供一定参考。
Polychaete is a major biological feed for shrimp, but its role as a vector for shrimp pathogens has long been understudied. This paper reviews the research progress on the transmission of shrimp diseases through polychaete Nereis as a biological feed and proposes prevention and control methods. Polychaete Nereis serves as a transmission vector for critical pathogens such as White Spot Syndrome Virus (WSSV), Acute Hepatopancreatic Necrosis Disease (AHPND), and Enterocytozoon hepatopenaei (EHP), while also acting as a mechanical carrier for various pathogenic Vibrio species. Given the risks associated with pathogen transmission via polychaetes, it is recommended to conduct research on the pathogenicity and epidemiology of polychaete Nereis. Additionally, methods such as standardizing production management and exploring alternative products should be implemented to mitigate the risk of disease transmission. This study provides a theoretical foundation for the use of polychaete Nereis as a biological feed and offers insights for promoting the green and sustainable development of aquaculture.
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