“数字劳工”在直播带货中的生成与剥削
The Generation and Exploitation of “Digital Labor” in Live-Streaming E-Commerce

本文以直播带货过程中的“数字劳工”为研究对象，系统分析了数字时代“数字劳工”的生成机制与剥削逻辑。平台通过算法驱动与流量控制构建出对劳动的控制与剥削体系，将主播与消费者纳入弹性剥削框架。主播作为内容生产者承担隐性劳动，其情绪劳动与时间管理被商品化为平台数据资产；消费者通过“观看即劳动”成为产消合一的数字劳工，数据价值被隐匿于资本循环。研究进一步揭示直播带货中存在三重剥削结构——平台对主播的算法压榨、资本对消费者的数据掠夺以及主播对供应链劳工的层级化剥削。这些现象折射出劳动异化的数字化重构与阶级关系的技术性异变。本文提出劳动法体系重构、监管协同治理与技术赋能劳动者等路径，以推动数字劳动伦理建设与平台经济可持续发展。
This paper takes “digital labor” in the context of live-streaming e-commerce as its research subject and systematically analyzes the generation mechanisms and exploitation logic of “digital labor” in the digital age. Through algorithmic drivers and traffic control, platforms establish a system of labor control and exploitation, incorporating both streamers and consumers into an elastic exploitation framework. Streamers, as content producers, bear implicit labor, with their emotional labor and time management commodified into platform data assets. Consumers, by engaging in “watching as labor,” become digital laborers who simultaneously participate in production and consumption, with the value of data obscured in the cycle of capital. The study further reveals a triple-layered exploitation structure in live-streaming e-commerce: algorithmic exploitation of streamers by platforms, data extraction from consumers by capital, and hierarchical exploitation of supply chain workers by streamers. These phenomena reflect the digital reconfiguration of labor alienation and the technological transformation of class relations. The paper proposes paths such as the reconstruction of labor law systems, regulatory collaborative governance, and the empowerment of workers through technology to promote the construction of digital labor ethics and the sustainable development of platform economies.