电商平台劳动用工关系的困境与规制路径探赜
Exploration on the Dilemma and Regulation Path of Labor Employment Relationship on E-Commerce Platform

平台经济的发展重塑了传统劳动用工关系，电商平台通过算法管理和灵活用工模式，弱化自身的雇主责任，导致劳动者在劳动关系认定、权益保护及社会保障等方面面临诸多法律困境。文章结合国内外立法经验及司法实践，探讨平台劳动用工关系的法律属性，分析现行劳动法在规制平台用工模式上的局限性，并提出规制的具体路径。具体而言，应突破传统的“从属性”标准，综合考虑经济依附、人格依附及平台算法控制；同时需强化用工合同的公平透明、明确企业社会保障责任，建立高效争议解决机制，并加强算法治理，以实现平台劳动关系的合理规制与劳动者权益保障。
The development of platform economy has reshaped the traditional labor-employment relationship, and e-commerce platform has weakened their employer responsibility through algorithmic management and flexible employment mode, resulting in many legal difficulties faced by workers in the identification of labor relationship, protection of rights and interests, and social security. This article combines domestic and foreign legislative experience and judicial practice to explore the legal attributes of platform labor relations, analyze the limitations of the current labor law in regulating the platform labor mode, and proposes specific paths for regulation. Specifically, the article argues that the traditional criterion of “subordination” should be broken through, taking into account economic attachment, personality attachment and platform algorithmic control; at the same time, it is necessary to strengthen the fairness and transparency of the employment contract, clarify the responsibility of enterprise’s social security, set up an efficient dispute resolution mechanism and strengthen the algorithmic governance, so as to realize the reasonable regulation of the platform labor relations and protection of the rights and interests of the laborers.