电商平台人工智能体的责任分配困境与规则重构
The Dilemma of Responsibility Distribution and Rule Reconstruction of Artificial Intelligence Entities on E-Commerce Platforms

人工智能技术的深度应用正在重构电商平台的权责分配格局，引发“技术可控性”与法律规制的系统性冲突。技术层面，AI决策的自主优化与数据依赖特性使得传统法律主体二元结构难以适配；法律层面，现有法律体系因算法复杂性而无法有效落实平台监管义务，从而导致人工智能体在电商平台的运用存在责任主体不明、责任认定困难的困境。结合欧盟域外人工智能治理经验，针对高风险场景实施分级监管，明确算法透明度要求与人工干预机制；建立数据使用全周期合规义务，强化隐私保护与跨境数据合规；构建协同监管模式，将平台责任与技术可控性挂钩；完善立法与动态适应技术创新，可在保障消费者权益的同时促进电商平台有序发展，为AI时代平台责任规则重构提供制度范本。
The deep application of artificial intelligence technology is reshaping the distribution of rights and responsibilities on e-commerce platforms, triggering systemic conflicts between “technical controllability” and legal regulation. From a technological perspective, the autonomous optimization and data dependence of AI decision-making make the traditional binary structure of legal subjects difficult to adapt. From a legal perspective, the existing legal framework cannot effectively enforce platform regulatory duties due to the complexity of algorithms, resulting in a situation where the responsibilities of artificial intelligence entities in e-commerce platforms are unclear, and liability determination is difficult. In light of the EU’s Artificial Intelligence Act, this paper proposes a tiered regulatory approach for high-risk scenarios, clarifying algorithm transparency requirements and human intervention mechanisms; establishing full-cycle compliance obligations for data use, strengthening privacy protection and cross-border data compliance; and constructing a collaborative regulatory model linking platform responsibility with technological controllability. By improving legislation and dynamically adapting to technological innovation, it is possible to protect consumer rights while promoting the orderly development of e-commerce platforms, providing a model for the reconstruction of platform responsibility rules in the AI era.