电子商务平台垄断行为的治理困境及法律规制
Governance Dilemmas and Legal Regulation on E-Commerce Platform Monopolistic Practice

数字经济时代，电子商务平台发展迅猛，提升了经济水平，推动经济增长与社会变革，但垄断行为却接踵而至，扰乱了市场秩序。在互联网经济的规模效应、网络效应等特征的影响下，电子商务平台的垄断问题变得极为复杂和严重。电商平台滥用市场地位、强制商家“二选一”以及数据垄断等垄断行为严重地破坏了市场稳定。当前，电商平台反垄断治理面临难以界定相关市场、强制商家“二选一”行为的法律规制不足以及市场监管缺位、监管机制不完善等困境。本文旨在提出针对性的法律对策，即通过优化相关市场界定的方法与规则，细化法律准则以及完善监管机构设置与协同监管机制等举措，维护公平竞争的市场秩序，规制电商平台垄断行为，保障消费者的合法权益，以促进数字经济健康可持续发展。
In the era of digital economy, e-commerce platforms have developed rapidly, improving economic level and promoting economic growth and social change; however, monopolistic behaviors appear one after another and disturb the market order. Under the influence of the scale effect, network effect and other characteristics of the internet economy, the monopoly issues of e-commerce platforms have become more complex and serious. The platform abuses its market status, forces the businesses to choose one, and the data monopoly and other monopolistic behaviours, which have seriously undermined the market stability. Currently, the antitrust governance of e-commerce platforms faces multiple challenges, including difficulties in defining relevant markets, insufficient legal regulations against coercive “exclusive agreements” imposed on merchants, deficiencies in market supervision, and imperfections in regulatory mechanisms. This paper aims to propose targeted legal countermeasures. By optimizing methodologies and rules for relevant market definition, refining legal standards, and improving the establishment of regulatory bodies with collaborative oversight mechanisms, these measures seek to maintain fair competitive market order, regulate monopolistic practices on e-commerce platforms, protect consumers’ legitimate rights and interests, and ultimately promote the healthy and sustainable development of the digital economy.