电子商务技术的历史演进及其对现代商业模式的塑造——基于三次技术革命的比较分析
The Historical Evolution of E-Commerce Technology and Its Shaping of Modern Business Models—Based on a Comparative Analysis of Three Technological Revolutions

电子商务技术的演进是20世纪末以来全球经济发展的重要驱动力，其与三次技术革命的深度融合，深刻重构了传统商业逻辑与市场运行机制。本文以技术革命为线索，系统梳理电子商务技术的历史发展脉络，对比分析不同阶段技术创新的核心特征及其对商业模式的差异化影响，进而揭示技术迭代与商业变革之间的动态关联性。研究认为，电子商务技术的演进并非线性替代过程，而是通过技术扩散、场景融合与生态重构，逐步推动商业活动向数字化、网络化、智能化方向转型。本文的核心研究问题是三次技术革命如何通过技术驱动与模式重构的双重路径，推动电子商务技术的迭代升级，并塑造差异化的现代商业模式形态。
The evolution of e-commerce technology has been an important driving force for global economic development since the end of the 20th century, and its deep integration with the three technological revolutions (information technology revolution, Internet revolution, and intelligent technology revolution) has profoundly reconstructed the traditional business logic and market operation mechanism. Taking the technological revolution as a clue, this paper systematically sorts out the historical development context of e-commerce technology, compares and analyzes the core characteristics of technological innovation at different stages and its differentiated impact on business models, and then reveals the dynamic correlation between technological iteration and business change. The study argues that the evolution of e-commerce technology is not a linear substitution process, but a gradual transformation of business activities to digitalization, networking and intelligence through technology diffusion, scenario integration and ecological reconstruction. The core research question of this paper is how the three technological revolutions (Internet technology revolution, mobile intelligence revolution, and data intelligence revolution) have driven the iterative upgrading of e-commerce technologies and shaped differentiated configurations of modern business models through the dual pathways of technological drivers and model restructuring.