电商视域下算法霸权法律规制路径研究
Research on the Legal Regulation Path of Algorithm Hegemony from the Perspective of E-Commerce

本文探讨了电商领域算法霸权的形成机制、表现形式及法律规制困境。平台通过数据垄断和算法黑箱形成的隐性控制权，在电商实践中表现为大数据杀熟、动态定价伪装歧视、算法歧视导致资源分配失衡，以及推荐算法构建的信息茧房与认知操控。目前法律面临三大困境：规则模糊使算法透明度义务缺位，消费者举证责任过重导致维权失败，跨平台数据垄断缺乏有效制约。为此，完善路径需多维推进：强化平台算法透明化义务及第三方监管机制；通过举证责任倒置与算法参数公开保障消费者权益；推动立法细化数据可携权、反垄断条款，以平衡技术创新与公平正义，遏制算法霸权的扩张。
This article explores the formation mechanism, manifestation, and legal regulation predicaments of algorithmic hegemony in the e-commerce field. The implicit control power formed by data monopoly and algorithm black box of platforms is manifested in e-commerce practices as big data price discrimination against regular customers, dynamic pricing masquerading as discrimination, algorithmic discrimination leading to imbalanced resource allocation, and the information cocoon and cognitive manipulation constructed by recommendation algorithms. Currently, the law faces three major predicaments: the ambiguity of rules leads to the absence of algorithm transparency obligations, the heavy burden of proof for consumers results in failed rights protection, and the lack of effective constraints on cross-platform data monopolies. Therefore, the improvement path needs to be advanced in multiple dimensions: strengthening the obligation of algorithm transparency for platforms and the third-party supervision mechanism; ensuring consumer rights through the reversal of the burden of proof and the public disclosure of algorithm parameters; promoting the refinement of legislation on data portability rights and anti-monopoly provisions to balance technological innovation and fairness and justice, and curb the expansion of algorithmic hegemony.