囚徒困境视角下餐饮店之间的价格博弈分析
An Analysis of Price Competition among Restaurants from the Prisoner’s Dilemma Perspective

垄断市场是指在特定的市场环境中，某个产品或服务的市场份额被极少数的企业所占有，且这些企业之间的生产和价格变动会引起其他企业的连锁反应。考虑到有限地理空间内的餐饮店以服务该区域的客流为主，当有限地理区域内某类餐饮店(如重庆火锅)数量极少时，它们在市场上的地位可以近似看作垄断寡头，而这样相对封闭的市场也可将其近似地看作是垄断市场。本文以特定地理区域内生产同类产品的两家虚拟餐饮店作为研究对象，运用改进的古诺模型，从囚徒困境的视角讨论餐饮店之间的定价行为(合作与非合作)以及采取这些行为所导致的结果，为理解餐饮行业的竞争行为提供了新的视角。
A monopoly market is defined as a market environment in which a product or service’s market share is held by only a very limited number of firms, and where changes in production and pricing by these firms trigger chain reactions among other firms. Considering that restaurants in a limited geographical area primarily serve the local customer flow, when the number of a particular type of restaurant (e.g., Chongqing hot pot restaurants) in such an area is extremely limited, their market position can be approximated as that of a monopoly oligopoly, and this relatively closed market may also be regarded as a monopoly market. This study takes two virtual restaurants producing similar products in a specified geographical area as its research subjects, applies an Adapted Cournot model, and, from the perspective of the Prisoner’s Dilemma, discusses the pricing behaviors (both cooperative and non-cooperative) among these restaurants and the outcomes resulting from these behaviors. The analysis provides a new perspective for understanding competitive behavior in the restaurant industry.