网约车聚合平台经营者法律责任认定研究
Research on the Legal Responsibility Determination of Online Ride-Hailing Aggregation Platform Operators

为解决网约车聚合平台兴起中的企业合规问题，明确聚合平台经营者的法律责任至关重要。本文旨在系统梳理国外网约车聚合平台法律责任的研究现状，并特别聚焦于德国与美国，以明确这两个国家中网约车聚合平台经营者的法律地位。通过这一分析，本文旨在为我国网约车聚合平台经营者法律地位的认定提供有益的参考与借鉴。在探讨网约车聚合平台经营者的法律责任认定时，本文首先立足于对其法律地位的明确界定。在综合现有关于法律地位的不同观点基础上，本文提出，聚合平台经营者应被赋予多重法律地位，具体涵盖网络平台服务提供者、电子商务经营者以及网络交易平台提供者等角色。基于这一多元法律地位的认知，本文进一步分析了在一次涉及网约车聚合平台的出行交易过程中，聚合平台经营者所应确立的法律关系框架。在确定聚合平台经营者法律责任与法律关系后，能够更好地确认其法律义务的内容以及法律责任的承担方式，并据此促进网约车聚合平台经营者法律责任的认定，促进相关企业合规发展。
To address the compliance issues of emerging ride-hailing aggregators, it is crucial to clarify the legal responsibilities of the aggregators. This paper aims to systematically review the current research on the legal responsibilities of ride-hailing aggregators abroad, with a particular focus on Germany and the United States, to clarify the legal status of aggregators in these two countries. Through this analysis, the paper intends to provide useful references and lessons for determining the legal status of ride-hailing aggregators in China and promoting their compliance development. When discussing the determination of the legal responsibilities of ride-hailing aggregators, this paper first focuses on the clear definition of their legal status. Based on a comprehensive review of different viewpoints on legal status, this paper proposes that aggregators should be attributed multiple legal statuses, including roles such as network platform service providers, e-commerce operators, and network trading platform providers. Based on this understanding of multiple legal statuses, this paper further analyzes the legal relationship framework that aggregators should establish in a ride-hailing transaction involving an aggregator. After determining the legal responsibilities and legal relationships of aggregators, it is possible to better confirm the content of their legal obligations and the ways of bearing legal responsibilities, and thereby promote the determination of the legal responsibilities of ride-hailing aggregators and the compliance development of related enterprises.