Objective: To explore the application value of radiomics based on CE-T1WI and DWI in the diagnosis of submucosal uterine fibroids and endometrial carcinoma. Methods: A total of 33 patients with pathologically confirmed endometrial carcinoma and 30 patients with submucosal uterine fibroids were selected. Their CE-T1WI and DWI imaging data were collected, and radiomics features such as arterial phase enhancement, venous phase enhancement, diffusion restriction, ADC values, and time-signal curve types were analyzed. Results: In the arterial phase, the number of cases with enhancement lower than the myometrium was significantly higher in the endometrial carcinoma group than in the submucosal fibroid group (χ2 = 22.4509, P = 0.0000), while the number of cases with slightly higher enhancement showed a statistically significant difference (χ2 = 13.1146, P = 0.0003). In the venous phase, the number of cases with enhancement higher than the myometrium was lower in the endometrial carcinoma group than in the submucosal fibroid group (χ2 = 5.1583, P = 0.0231). Regarding diffusion restriction, the number of cases with restricted diffusion was significantly higher in the endometrial carcinoma group (χ2 = 37.6794, P = 0.0000). Among cases with ADC values recorded, the ADC value in the endometrial carcinoma group (0.71 ± 0.22) was significantly lower than that in the submucosal fibroid group (1.34 ± 0.28) (χ2 = 7.1828, P = 0.0000). No significant difference was observed in the time-signal curve types between the two groups (χ2 = 0.6969, P = 0.4107). Conclusion: Radiomics features based on CE-T1WI and DWI have significant value in the diagnosis of submucosal uterine fibroids and endometrial carcinoma, providing a reliable basis for clinical diagnosis.
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