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危机资源管理在应急培训中的应用现状与发展前景
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Abstract:
危机资源管理(Crisis resource management, CRM)原则可以概括为在危机情况下对个人和全体人员行为准则的阐述，侧重于动态决策、人际行为和团队管理的技能。本文通过概述CRM的发展历程及其在航空、医学、海运、消防、海上油气行业应急培训中的应用现状，分析当前CRM培训存在的不足。同时本文对CRM发展方向进行展望，包括：促进CRM和新技术、新要素融合发展，开展高水平的CRM培训效果评估研究，探索CRM在新行业(如海外风险防范领域)应急培训中的应用。
Crisis resource management (CRM) can be summarized as the articulation of the principles of individual and crew behavior in crisis situations that focus on the skills of dynamic decision making, interpersonal behavior, and team management. In this paper, we present an overview of the CRM development process and its application status in emergency response training in aviation, medical, maritime, fire protection and offshore oil and gas industries. We then analyze the deficiencies of the current CRM training. Furthermore, we also gave an outlook on the development prospect of CRM, which includes promoting the integration and development of CRM and new technologies and elements, conducting high-quality research on effectiveness evaluation of CRM training, and exploring the application of CRM in emergency response training in new industries (such as overseas risk prevention fields).
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