|
|
童年虐待影响攻击行为和抑郁的共同性和特异性神经机制
|
Abstract:
尽管童年虐待被广泛认为是各种内化和外化心理障碍的跨诊断风险因素，但其背后的神经机制尚不清楚。我们猜测研究结果不一致的原因可能是童年虐待对精神病理状况的影响涉及共同和特定神经通路。本研究旨在阐明童年虐待影响抑郁和攻击行为的共同和特定的神经通路。首先，我们对静息态功能磁共振成像数据进行网络基础统计(NBS)分析，以识别与抑郁和攻击行为相关的功能连接模式。然后，进行中介分析，以评估这些功能连接模式在童年虐待与攻击、抑郁之间的关系中的作用。结果表明，默认网络内的功能连接，以及扣带盖网络和背侧注意网络之间的功能连接介导了童年虐待与攻击行为之间的关系，而奖励系统内的功能连接以及扣带盖网络与奖励系统之间的功能连接介导了童年虐待与抑郁之间的联系。因此，我们推测，控制网络可能是解释童年虐待后果的跨诊断神经机制，而注意网络和奖励网络可能分别作为将童年虐待与抑郁和攻击行为联系起来的特定神经机制。
Although childhood maltreatment (CM) is widely recognized as a transdiagnostic risk factor for various internalizing and externalizing psychological disorders, the neural mechanisms underlying this association remain unclear. The potential reasons for the inconsistent findings may be attributed to the involvement of both common and specific neural pathways that mediate the influence of CM on the emergence of psychopathological conditions. This study aimed to delineate both the common and distinct neural pathways linking CM to depression and aggression. First, we employed Network-Based Statistics (NBS) on resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data to identify functional connectivity (FC) patterns associated with depression and aggression. Mediation analyses were then conducted to assess the role of these FC patterns in the relationship between CM and each outcome. The results demonstrated that FC within the default mode network (DMN) and between the cingulo-opercular network (CON) and dorsal attention network (DAN) mediated the association between CM and aggression, whereas FC within the reward system and between the CON and the reward system mediated the link between CM and depression. We speculate that the control system may serve as a transdiagnostic mechanism accounting for the sequela of CM, and the attention network and the reward network may act as specific mechanisms linking CM to depression and aggression, respectively.
| [1] | Aboitiz, F., Ossandon, T., Zamorano, F., Palma, B., & Carrasco, X. (2014). Irrelevant Stimulus Processing in ADHD: Catecholamine Dynamics and Attentional Networks. Frontiers in Psychology, 5, Article 183. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2014.00183 |
| [2] | Andrews-Hanna, J. R., Reidler, J. S., Sepulcre, J., Poulin, R., & Buckner, R. L. (2010). Functional-Anatomic Fractionation of the Brain’s Default Network. Neuron, 65, 550-562. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuron.2010.02.005 |
| [3] | Baltosser, W. H. (1996). Biostatistical Analysis. Ecology, 77, Article 2266. https://doi.org/10.2307/2265725 |
| [4] | Barch, D. M., Albaugh, M. D., Avenevoli, S., Chang, L., Clark, D. B., Glantz, M. D. et al. (2018). Demographic, Physical and Mental Health Assessments in the Adolescent Brain and Cognitive Development Study: Rationale and Description. Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience, 32, 55-66. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dcn.2017.10.010 |
| [5] | Beck, A. T., Steer, R. A., Ball, R., & Ranieri, W. F. (1996). Comparison of Beck Depression Inventories-IA and-II in Psychiatric Outpatients. Journal of Personality Assessment, 67, 588-597. https://doi.org/10.1207/s15327752jpa6703_13 |
| [6] | Bellis, M. A., Hughes, K., Leckenby, N., Jones, L., Baban, A., Kachaeva, M. et al. (2014). Adverse Childhood Experiences and Associations with Health-Harming Behaviours in Young Adults: Surveys in Eight Eastern European Countries. Bulletin of the World Health Organization, 92, 641-655. https://doi.org/10.2471/blt.13.129247 |
| [7] | Bernstein, D. P., Fink, L., Handelsman, L., & Foote, J. (1998). Childhood Trauma Questionnaire. In Assessment of Family Violence: A Handbook for Researchers and Practitioners (p. 2). Amer Psychological Assn. |
| [8] | Biederman, J., Monuteaux, M. C., Doyle, A. E., Seidman, L. J., Wilens, T. E., Ferrero, F. et al. (2004). Impact of Executive Function Deficits and Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) on Academic Outcomes in Children. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 72, 757-766. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-006x.72.5.757 |
| [9] | Bounoua, N., Miglin, R., Spielberg, J. M., & Sadeh, N. (2020). Childhood Assaultive Trauma and Physical Aggression: Links with Cortical Thickness in Prefrontal and Occipital Cortices. NeuroImage: Clinical, 27, Article 102321. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nicl.2020.102321 |
| [10] | Buss, A. H., & Perry, M. (1992). The Aggression Questionnaire. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 63, 452-459. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.63.3.452 |
| [11] | Čermaková, P., Andrýsková, L., Brázdil, M., & Marečková, K. (2022). Socioeconomic Deprivation in Early Life and Symptoms of Depression and Anxiety in Young Adulthood: Mediating Role of Hippocampal Connectivity. Psychological Medicine, 52, 2671-2680. https://doi.org/10.1017/s0033291720004754 |
| [12] | Chai, X. J., Castañón, A. N., Öngür, D., & Whitfield-Gabrieli, S. (2012). Anticorrelations in Resting State Networks without Global Signal Regression. NeuroImage, 59, 1420-1428. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroimage.2011.08.048 |
| [13] | Chica, A. B., Bartolomeo, P., & Lupiáñez, J. (2013). Two Cognitive and Neural Systems for Endogenous and Exogenous Spatial Attention. Behavioural Brain Research, 237, 107-123. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbr.2012.09.027 |
| [14] | Corbetta, M., & Shulman, G. L. (2002). Control of Goal-Directed and Stimulus-Driven Attention in the Brain. Nature Reviews Neuroscience, 3, 201-215. https://doi.org/10.1038/nrn755 |
| [15] | Daniels, J. K., Frewen, P., McKinnon, M. C., & Lanius, R. A. (2011). Default Mode Alterations in Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Related to Early-Life Trauma: A Developmental Perspective. Journal of Psychiatry & Neuroscience, 36, 56-59. https://doi.org/10.1503/jpn.100050 |
| [16] | Demir-Lira, Ö. E., Voss, J. L., O’Neil, J. T., Briggs-Gowan, M. J., Wakschlag, L. S., & Booth, J. R. (2016). Early-Life Stress Exposure Associated with Altered Prefrontal Resting-State fMRI Connectivity in Young Children. Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience, 19, 107-114. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dcn.2016.02.003 |
| [17] | Dennison, M. J., Sheridan, M. A., Busso, D. S., Jenness, J. L., Peverill, M., Rosen, M. L. et al. (2016). Neurobehavioral Markers of Resilience to Depression amongst Adolescents Exposed to Child Abuse. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 125, 1201-1212. https://doi.org/10.1037/abn0000215 |
| [18] | Dosenbach, N. U. F., Fair, D. A., Cohen, A. L., Schlaggar, B. L., & Petersen, S. E. (2008). A Dual-Networks Architecture of Top-Down Control. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 12, 99-105. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tics.2008.01.001 |
| [19] | Dosenbach, N. U. F., Fair, D. A., Miezin, F. M., Cohen, A. L., Wenger, K. K., Dosenbach, R. A. T. et al. (2007). Distinct Brain Networks for Adaptive and Stable Task Control in Humans. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 104, 11073-11078. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0704320104 |
| [20] | Dosenbach, N. U. F., Visscher, K. M., Palmer, E. D., Miezin, F. M., Wenger, K. K., Kang, H. C. et al. (2006). A Core System for the Implementation of Task Sets. Neuron, 50, 799-812. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuron.2006.04.031 |
| [21] | Fan, J., Liu, W., Xia, J., Li, S., Gao, F., Zhu, J. et al. (2021). Childhood Trauma Is Associated with Elevated Anhedonia and Altered Core Reward Circuitry in Major Depression Patients and Controls. Human Brain Mapping, 42, 286-297. https://doi.org/10.1002/hbm.25222 |
| [22] | Fang, X., Fry, D. A., Ji, K., Finkelhor, D., Chen, J., Lannen, P. et al. (2015). The Burden of Child Maltreatment in China: A Systematic Review. Bulletin of the World Health Organization, 93, 176-185. https://doi.org/10.2471/blt.14.140970 |
| [23] | Frick, P. J., & White, S. F. (2008). Research Review: The Importance of Callous-Unemotional Traits for Developmental Models of Aggressive and Antisocial Behavior. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 49, 359-375. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2007.01862.x |
| [24] | Frodl, T., Janowitz, D., Schmaal, L., Tozzi, L., Dobrowolny, H., Stein, D. J. et al. (2017). Childhood Adversity Impacts on Brain Subcortical Structures Relevant to Depression. Journal of Psychiatric Research, 86, 58-65. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychires.2016.11.010 |
| [25] | Gardner, M. J., Thomas, H. J., & Erskine, H. E. (2019). The Association between Five Forms of Child Maltreatment and Depressive and Anxiety Disorders: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Child Abuse & Neglect, 96, Article 104082. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chiabu.2019.104082 |
| [26] | Gilbert, R., Widom, C. S., Browne, K., Fergusson, D., Webb, E., & Janson, S. (2009). Burden and Consequences of Child Maltreatment in High-Income Countries. The Lancet, 373, 68-81. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(08)61706-7 |
| [27] | Gong, L., He, C., Zhang, H., Zhang, H., Zhang, Z., & Xie, C. (2018). Disrupted Reward and Cognitive Control Networks Contribute to Anhedonia in Depression. Journal of Psychiatric Research, 103, 61-68. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychires.2018.05.010 |
| [28] | Gorka, A. X., Hanson, J. L., Radtke, S. R., & Hariri, A. R. (2014). Reduced Hippocampal and Medial Prefrontal Gray Matter Mediate the Association between Reported Childhood Maltreatment and Trait Anxiety in Adulthood and Predict Sensitivity to Future Life Stress. Biology of Mood & Anxiety Disorders, 4, 1-10. https://doi.org/10.1186/2045-5380-4-12 |
| [29] | Gratton, C., Sun, H., & Petersen, S. E. (2018). Control Networks and Hubs. Psychophysiology, 55, e13032. https://doi.org/10.1111/psyp.13032 |
| [30] | Haber, S. N., & Knutson, B. (2010). The Reward Circuit: Linking Primate Anatomy and Human Imaging. Neuropsychopharmacology, 35, 4-26. https://doi.org/10.1038/npp.2009.129 |
| [31] | Hamilton, J. P., Furman, D. J., Chang, C., Thomason, M. E., Dennis, E., & Gotlib, I. H. (2011). Default-Mode and Task-Positive Network Activity in Major Depressive Disorder: Implications for Adaptive and Maladaptive Rumination. Biological Psychiatry, 70, 327-333. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biopsych.2011.02.003 |
| [32] | Hanson, J. L., Hariri, A. R., & Williamson, D. E. (2015a). Blunted Ventral Striatum Development in Adolescence Reflects Emotional Neglect and Predicts Depressive Symptoms. Biological Psychiatry, 78, 598-605. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biopsych.2015.05.010 |
| [33] | Hanson, J. L., Nacewicz, B. M., Sutterer, M. J., Cayo, A. A., Schaefer, S. M., Rudolph, K. D. et al. (2015b). Behavioral Problems after Early Life Stress: Contributions of the Hippocampus and Amygdala. Biological Psychiatry, 77, 314-323. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biopsych.2014.04.020 |
| [34] | Hart, H., Lim, L., Mehta, M. A., Chatzieffraimidou, A., Curtis, C., Xu, X. et al. (2017). Reduced Functional Connectivity of Fronto-Parietal Sustained Attention Networks in Severe Childhood Abuse. PLOS ONE, 12, e0188744. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0188744 |
| [35] | Hein, T. C., Goetschius, L. G., McLoyd, V. C., Brooks-Gunn, J., McLanahan, S. S., Mitchell, C. et al. (2020). Childhood Violence Exposure and Social Deprivation Are Linked to Adolescent Threat and Reward Neural Function. Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience, 15, 1252-1259. https://doi.org/10.1093/scan/nsaa144 |
| [36] | Heleniak, C., Jenness, J. L., Vander Stoep, A., McCauley, E., & McLaughlin, K. A. (2016). Childhood Maltreatment Exposure and Disruptions in Emotion Regulation: A Transdiagnostic Pathway to Adolescent Internalizing and Externalizing Psychopathology. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 40, 394-415. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10608-015-9735-z |
| [37] | Hendrikse, C. J., du Plessis, S., Luckhoff, H. K., Vink, M., van den Heuvel, L. L., Scheffler, F. et al. (2022). Childhood Trauma Exposure and Reward Processing in Healthy Adults: A Functional Neuroimaging Study. Journal of Neuroscience Research, 100, 1452-1462. https://doi.org/10.1002/jnr.25051 |
| [38] | Hofmann, W., Schmeichel, B. J., & Baddeley, A. D. (2012). Executive Functions and Self-Regulation. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 16, 174-180. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tics.2012.01.006 |
| [39] | Ibrahim, K., Noble, S., He, G., Lacadie, C., Crowley, M. J., McCarthy, G. et al. (2022). Large-Scale Functional Brain Networks of Maladaptive Childhood Aggression Identified by Connectome-Based Predictive Modeling. Molecular Psychiatry, 27, 985-999. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41380-021-01317-5 |
| [40] | Jankowski, K. F., Bruce, J., Beauchamp, K. G., Roos, L. E., Moore, W. E., & Fisher, P. A. (2017). Preliminary Evidence of the Impact of Early Childhood Maltreatment and a Preventive Intervention on Neural Patterns of Response Inhibition in Early Adolescence. Developmental Science, 20, e12413. https://doi.org/10.1111/desc.12413 |
| [41] | Jenness, J. L., Lambert, H. K., Bitrán, D., Blossom, J. B., Nook, E. C., Sasse, S. F. et al. (2021). Developmental Variation in the Associations of Attention Bias to Emotion with Internalizing and Externalizing Psychopathology. Research on Child and Adolescent Psychopathology, 49, 711-726. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10802-020-00751-3 |
| [42] | Jiang, W., Zhong, B., Liu, L., Zhou, Y., Hu, X., & Li, Y. (2018). Reliability and Validity of the Chinese Version of the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire-Short Form for Inpatients with Schizophrenia. PLOS ONE, 13, e0208779. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0208779 |
| [43] | Joormann, J., & Stanton, C. H. (2016). Examining Emotion Regulation in Depression: A Review and Future Directions. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 86, 35-49. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brat.2016.07.007 |
| [44] | Kasparek, S. W., Jenness, J. L., & McLaughlin, K. A. (2020). Reward Processing Modulates the Association between Trauma Exposure and Externalizing Psychopathology. Clinical Psychological Science, 8, 989-1006. https://doi.org/10.1177/2167702620933570 |
| [45] | Koob, G. F., & Schulkin, J. (2019). Addiction and Stress: An Allostatic View. Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, 106, 245-262. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neubiorev.2018.09.008 |
| [46] | Lee, V., & Hoaken, P. N. S. (2007). Cognition, Emotion, and Neurobiological Development: Mediating the Relation between Maltreatment and Aggression. Child Maltreatment, 12, 281-298. https://doi.org/10.1177/1077559507303778 |
| [47] | Letkiewicz, A. M., Weldon, A. L., Tengshe, C., Niznikiewicz, M. A., & Heller, W. (2021). Cumulative Childhood Maltreatment and Executive Functioning in Adulthood. Journal of Aggression, Maltreatment & Trauma, 30, 547-563. https://doi.org/10.1080/10926771.2020.1832171 |
| [48] | Liu, R. T., Scopelliti, K. M., Pittman, S. K., & Zamora, A. S. (2018). Childhood Maltreatment and Non-Suicidal Self-Injury: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. The Lancet Psychiatry, 5, 51-64. https://doi.org/10.1016/s2215-0366(17)30469-8 |
| [49] | Lumley, M. N., & Harkness, K. L. (2007). Specificity in the Relations among Childhood Adversity, Early Maladaptive Schemas, and Symptom Profiles in Adolescent Depression. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 31, 639-657. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10608-006-9100-3 |
| [50] | Mao, Y., Li, L., Li, Y., Hou, X., & Duan, S. (2023). Cognitive Reappraisal and Corresponding Neural Basis Mediate the Association between Childhood Maltreatment and Depression. Biological Psychology, 184, Article 108716. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biopsycho.2023.108716 |
| [51] | McClure, S. M., Laibson, D. I., Loewenstein, G., & Cohen, J. D. (2004). Separate Neural Systems Value Immediate and Delayed Monetary Rewards. Science, 306, 503-507. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1100907 |
| [52] | McCrory, E. J., De Brito, S. A., Kelly, P. A., Bird, G., Sebastian, C. L., Mechelli, A. et al. (2013). Amygdala Activation in Maltreated Children during Pre-Attentive Emotional Processing. British Journal of Psychiatry, 202, 269-276. https://doi.org/10.1192/bjp.bp.112.116624 |
| [53] | McCrory, E. J., Puetz, V. B., Maguire, E. A., Mechelli, A., Palmer, A., Gerin, M. I. et al. (2017). Autobiographical Memory: A Candidate Latent Vulnerability Mechanism for Psychiatric Disorder Following Childhood Maltreatment. British Journal of Psychiatry, 211, 216-222. https://doi.org/10.1192/bjp.bp.117.201798 |
| [54] | McLaughlin, K. A., Green, J. G., Gruber, M. J., Sampson, N. A., Zaslavsky, A. M., & Kessler, R. C. (2010). Childhood Adversities and Adult Psychiatric Disorders in the National Comorbidity Survey Replication II. Archives of General Psychiatry, 67, 124-132. https://doi.org/10.1001/archgenpsychiatry.2009.187 |
| [55] | Murphy, K., Birn, R. M., Handwerker, D. A., Jones, T. B., & Bandettini, P. A. (2009). The Impact of Global Signal Regression on Resting State Correlations: Are Anti-Correlated Networks Introduced? NeuroImage, 44, 893-905. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroimage.2008.09.036 |
| [56] | Nagy, S. A., Kürtös, Z., Németh, N., Perlaki, G., Csernela, E., Lakner, F. E. et al. (2021). Childhood Maltreatment Results in Altered Deactivation of Reward Processing Circuits in Depressed Patients: A Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study of a Facial Emotion Recognition Task. Neurobiology of Stress, 15, Article 100399. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ynstr.2021.100399 |
| [57] | Peverill, M., Sheridan, M. A., Busso, D. S., & McLaughlin, K. A. (2019). Atypical Prefrontal-Amygdala Circuitry Following Childhood Exposure to Abuse: Links with Adolescent Psychopathology. Child Maltreatment, 24, 411-423. https://doi.org/10.1177/1077559519852676 |
| [58] | Power, J. D., Schlaggar, B. L., Lessov-Schlaggar, C. N., & Petersen, S. E. (2013). Evidence for Hubs in Human Functional Brain Networks. Neuron, 79, 798-813. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuron.2013.07.035 |
| [59] | Preacher, K. J., & Hayes, A. F. (2008). Asymptotic and Resampling Strategies for Assessing and Comparing Indirect Effects in Multiple Mediator Models. Behavior Research Methods, 40, 879-891. https://doi.org/10.3758/brm.40.3.879 |
| [60] | Puetz, V. B., Viding, E., Maguire, E. A., Mechelli, A., Armbruster-Genç, D., Sharp, M. et al. (2023). Functional Brain Plasticity Following Childhood Maltreatment: A Longitudinal fMRI Investigation of Autobiographical Memory Processing. Development and Psychopathology, 35, 1382-1389. https://doi.org/10.1017/s0954579421001292 |
| [61] | Puiu, A. A., Wudarczyk, O., Goerlich, K. S., Votinov, M., Herpertz-Dahlmann, B., Turetsky, B. et al. (2018). Impulsive Aggression and Response Inhibition in Attention-Deficit/hyperactivity Disorder and Disruptive Behavioral Disorders: Findings from a Systematic Review. Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, 90, 231-246. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neubiorev.2018.04.016 |
| [62] | Raes, F., & Hermans, D. (2008). On the Mediating Role of Subtypes of Rumination in the Relationship between Childhood Emotional Abuse and Depressed Mood: Brooding versus Reflection. Depression and Anxiety, 25, 1067-1070. https://doi.org/10.1002/da.20447 |
| [63] | Raichle, M. E. (2015). The Brain’s Default Mode Network. Annual Review of Neuroscience, 38, 433-447. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-neuro-071013-014030 |
| [64] | Rakesh, D., Kelly, C., Vijayakumar, N., Zalesky, A., Allen, N. B., & Whittle, S. (2021). Unraveling the Consequences of Childhood Maltreatment: Deviations from Typical Functional Neurodevelopment Mediate the Relationship between Maltreatment History and Depressive Symptoms. Biological Psychiatry: Cognitive Neuroscience and Neuroimaging, 6, 329-342. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bpsc.2020.09.016 |
| [65] | Repovs, G., Csernansky, J. G., & Barch, D. M. (2011). Brain Network Connectivity in Individuals with Schizophrenia and Their Siblings. Biological Psychiatry, 69, 967-973. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biopsych.2010.11.009 |
| [66] | Santens, E., Claes, L., Dierckx, E., & Dom, G. (2020). Effortful Control—A Transdiagnostic Dimension Underlying Internalizing and Externalizing Psychopathology. Neuropsychobiology, 79, 255-269. https://doi.org/10.1159/000506134 |
| [67] | Saxbe, D., Khoddam, H., Piero, L. D., Stoycos, S. A., Gimbel, S. I., Margolin, G. et al. (2018). Community Violence Exposure in Early Adolescence: Longitudinal Associations with Hippocampal and Amygdala Volume and Resting State Connectivity. Developmental Science, 21, 1-11. https://doi.org/10.1111/desc.12686 |
| [68] | Séguin, J. R., & Zelazo, P. D. (2005). Executive Function in Early Physical Aggression. In: Developmental Origins of Aggression (pp. 307-329). The Guilford Press. |
| [69] | Sheline, Y. I., Price, J. L., Yan, Z., & Mintun, M. A. (2010). Resting-State Functional MRI in Depression Unmasks Increased Connectivity between Networks via the Dorsal Nexus. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 107, 11020-11025. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1000446107 |
| [70] | Shields, A., & Cicchetti, D. (1998). Reactive Aggression among Maltreated Children: The Contributions of Attention and Emotion Dysregulation. Journal of Clinical Child Psychology, 27, 381-395. https://doi.org/10.1207/s15374424jccp2704_2 |
| [71] | Sripada, R. K., Swain, J. E., Evans, G. W., Welsh, R. C., & Liberzon, I. (2014). Childhood Poverty and Stress Reactivity Are Associated with Aberrant Functional Connectivity in Default Mode Network. Neuropsychopharmacology, 39, 2244-2251. https://doi.org/10.1038/npp.2014.75 |
| [72] | Stringaris, A., Vidal-Ribas Belil, P., Artiges, E., Lemaitre, H., Gollier-Briant, F., Wolke, S. et al. (2015). The Brain’s Response to Reward Anticipation and Depression in Adolescence: Dimensionality, Specificity, and Longitudinal Predictions in a Community-Based Sample. American Journal of Psychiatry, 172, 1215-1223. https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.2015.14101298 |
| [73] | Trickett, P. K., & McBride-Chang, C. (1995). The Developmental Impact of Different Forms of Child Abuse and Neglect. Developmental Review, 15, 311-337. https://doi.org/10.1006/drev.1995.1012 |
| [74] | Wang, J., Wang, X., Xia, M., Liao, X., Evans, A., & He, Y. (2015). GRETNA: A Graph Theoretical Network Analysis Toolbox for Imaging Connectomics. Frontiers in Human Neuroscience, 9, Article 386. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnhum.2015.00386 |
| [75] | Weathersby, F. L., King, J. B., Fox, J. C., Loret, A., & Anderson, J. S. (2019). Functional Connectivity of Emotional Well-Being: Overconnectivity between Default and Attentional Networks Is Associated with Attitudes of Anger and Aggression. Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging, 291, 52-62. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pscychresns.2019.08.001 |
| [76] | Weissman, D. G., Lambert, H. K., Rodman, A. M., Peverill, M., Sheridan, M. A., & McLaughlin, K. A. (2020). Reduced Hippocampal and Amygdala Volume as a Mechanism Underlying Stress Sensitization to Depression Following Childhood Trauma. Depression and Anxiety, 37, 916-925. https://doi.org/10.1002/da.23062 |
| [77] | WHO (2022). Report of the Consultation on Child Abuse Prevention. https://www.who.int/health-topics/violence-against-children#tab=tab_1 |
| [78] | Wu, X., Lin, P., Yang, J., Song, H., Yang, R., & Yang, J. (2016). Dysfunction of the Cingulo-Opercular Network in First-Episode Medication-Naive Patients with Major Depressive Disorder. Journal of Affective Disorders, 200, 275-283. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2016.04.046 |
| [79] | Yan, C., Wang, X., Zuo, X., & Zang, Y. (2016). DPABI: Data Processing & Analysis for (Resting-State) Brain Imaging. Neuroinformatics, 14, 339-351. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12021-016-9299-4 |
| [80] | Yang, S., Cheng, Y., Mo, Y., Bai, Y., Shen, Z., Liu, F. et al. (2017). Childhood Maltreatment Is Associated with Gray Matter Volume Abnormalities in Patients with First-Episode Depression. Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging, 268, 27-34. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pscychresns.2017.07.005 |
| [81] | Yip, S. W., Lacadie, C. M., Sinha, R., Mayes, L. C., & Potenza, M. N. (2019). Childhood Trauma Moderates Inhibitory Control and Anterior Cingulate Cortex Activation during Stress. Neuroimage, 185, 111-118. |
| [82] | Yu, M., Linn, K. A., Shinohara, R. T., Oathes, D. J., Cook, P. A., Duprat, R. et al. (2019). Childhood Trauma History Is Linked to Abnormal Brain Connectivity in Major Depression. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 116, 8582-8590. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1900801116 |
| [83] | Zalesky, A., Fornito, A., & Bullmore, E. T. (2010). Network-Based Statistic: Identifying Differences in Brain Networks. NeuroImage, 53, 1197-1207. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroimage.2010.06.041 |
| [84] | Zeev-Wolf, M., Levy, J., Goldstein, A., Zagoory-Sharon, O., & Feldman, R. (2019). Chronic Early Stress Impairs Default Mode Network Connectivity in Preadolescents and Their Mothers. Biological Psychiatry: Cognitive Neuroscience and Neuroimaging, 4, 72-80. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bpsc.2018.09.009 |
| [85] | Zhong, X., Ming, Q., Dong, D., Sun, X., Cheng, C., Xiong, G. et al. (2020). Childhood Maltreatment Experience Influences Neural Response to Psychosocial Stress in Adults: An fMRI Study. Frontiers in Psychology, 10, Article 2961. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2019.02961 |
| [86] | Zhu, X., Helpman, L., Papini, S., Schneier, F., Markowitz, J. C., Van Meter, P. E. et al. (2017). Altered Resting State Functional Connectivity of Fear and Reward Circuitry in Comorbid PTSD and Major Depression. Depression and Anxiety, 34, 641-650. https://doi.org/10.1002/da.22594 |
