国际视域下大学生创业生态系统“五环”模型——基于扎根理论的研究
The “Five-Ring” Model of College Students’ Entrepreneurship Ecosystem from an International Perspective —A Study Based on Grounded Theory

近年来，大学生创业逐渐成为推动经济创新和社会发展的重要力量。然而，在全球化背景下，大学生创业的成功受到多种复杂因素的影响，特别是政策支持与创业环境的协同作用机制尚不明晰。文章基于扎根理论，以国际视域为框架，通过系统分析中、新、美三国的大学生创业案例及政策文本，构建了大学生创业生态系统的“五环”模型。研究发现，政策支持和环境优化构成了创业生态系统的基础，通过增强创业者的创新能力和抗压精神，提高团队资源整合与市场聚焦能力，从而实现社会资本的有效利用与社会认可的提升。模型中的五个环节——政策支持、环境优化、创业者特质、创业策略和社会影响——以协同作用促进创业成功。本研究不仅为全球大学生创业生态系统的构建提供了理论支持，还为政策制定与实践优化提供了重要参考。
In recent years, college students’ entrepreneurship has become a significant force driving economic innovation and social development. However, in the context of globalization, the success of college students’ entrepreneurial ventures is influenced by various complex factors, particularly the synergistic mechanisms between policy support and entrepreneurial environments, which remain unclear. Based on grounded theory and an international perspective, this study systematically analyses entrepreneurial cases and policy documents from China, Singapore, and the United States to construct a “Five-Ring” model of the college students’ entrepreneurship ecosystem. The findings reveal that policy support and environmental optimization form the foundation of the ecosystem, enhancing entrepreneurs’ innovation and resilience, improving team resource integration and market focus, and enabling effective utilization of social capital and increased social recognition. The model’s five interconnected elements—policy support, environmental optimization, entrepreneurial characteristics, entrepreneurial strategies, and social impact—synergistically promote entrepreneurial success. This study provides theoretical insights for building a global entrepreneurship ecosystem for college students and practical guidance for optimizing policy and implementation.