论消费者权益保护中的安全保障义务——以电子商务平台经营者为例
On Electronic Commerce Platform Operator’s Security Guarantee Obligation—Taking E-Commerce Platform Operators as an Example

电子商务平台运营商的安全义务不仅关系到平台的合规操作，而且直接关系到消费者权益的保护，是电子商务市场健康稳定发展的关键。电商平台安全保障责任首次在《电子商务法》第38条第2款中明确规定，为进一步保护消费者权益提供了法律保障。但学界和实务界对这一规定的理解分歧，仍有待进一步探讨和厘清。电商平台承担安全保障义务的必要性，关乎平台的合规运营，是电商平台在法律框架内正常运作的基础。其内容涵盖经营者保护消费者人身财产安全、网络安全、平台内义务审查监督等多个维度。在违法性识别方面，电商平台应承担损害预防和协助救助、资质审查等方面的义务，同时，在评估电商平台安全保障义务履行情况时，应及时排除客观原因或消费者个人原因的致损义务。
The security obligation of e-commerce platform operators is not only related to the compliance operation of the platform, but also directly related to the protection of consumer rights and interests, which is the key to the healthy and stable development of the e-commerce market. The responsibility for the security of e-commerce platforms is clearly stipulated in Article 38 (2) of the “E-Commerce Law” for the first time, providing legal protection for further protection of consumers’ rights and interests. However, the understanding of this provision between the academic and practical circles still needs to be further explored and clarified. The necessity of the e-commerce platform to undertake the security obligation is related to the compliance operation of the platform and is the basis for the normal operation of the e-commerce platform within the legal framework. Its content covers multiple dimensions such as operators’ protection of consumers’ personal and property safety, network security, and on-platform obligation review and supervision. In terms of illegality identification, the e-commerce platform shall undertake the obligations of damage prevention and assistance, qualification review, etc. At the same time, when assessing the performance of the security obligations of the e-commerce platform, the obligation of damage caused by objective causes or personal reasons of consumers shall be excluded in time.