网络基础设施建设对农村居民消费的影响：效应与机制
The Impact of Network Infrastructure Construction on Rural Residents’ Consumption: Mechanism and Effect

在畅通国内大循环、构建新发展格局背景下，扩大农村消费提升内需刻不容缓。而网络基础设施建设对农村消费水平和结构具有重要影响。基于我国2013~2022年农村消费省级面板数据，本文实证分析网络基础设施建设对农村居民消费的影响，并进一步研究其影响机制与异质性。研究发现：第一，网络基础设施建设水平能够显著促进农村居民消费。第二，提升农村居民收入和促进电子商务发展是网络基础设施建设促进农村居民消费的有效渠道。第三，网络基础设施建设对农村居民消费的影响存在异质性特征，对于发展享受型消费，在中部和西部地区，网络基础设施建设的促进作用要更加显著。为进一步发挥网络基础设施建设对农村居民消费的促进作用，应当改善我国农村地区困难群体收入状况、提升我国农村地区网络基础设施建设水平、缩小区域间网络基础设施建设差距以及完善互联网监管体系。
Under the background of smooth domestic circulation and building a new development pattern, it is urgent to expand rural consumption and enhance domestic demand. The construction of network infrastructure has an important impact on the level and structure of rural consumption. Based on the provincial panel data of rural consumption in China from 2013 to 2022, this paper empirically analyzes the impact of network infrastructure construction on rural residents’ consumption, and further studies its impact mechanism and heterogeneity. The findings are as follows: First, the level of network infrastructure construction can significantly promote the consumption of rural residents. Second, improving rural residents’ income and promoting the development of e-commerce are effective channels for network infrastructure construction to promote rural residents’ consumption. Third, the impact of network infrastructure construction on rural residents’ consumption is heterogeneous, and the promotion role of network infrastructure construction is more significant for the development of enjoyable consumption in the central and western regions. In order to further play the role of network infrastructure construction in promoting the consumption of rural residents, we should improve the income status of poor groups in rural areas, enhance the level of network infrastructure construction in rural areas, narrow the gap between regional network infrastructure construction and improve the Internet supervision system.