电商平台知识产权“通知–删除”规则完善路径研究
Research on the Path of Improving the “Notice-Delete” Rules for Intellectual Property Rights of E-Commerce Platforms

《电子商务法》“通知–删除”规则是规范电商领域知识产权侵权乱象的创意之举，其综合考量了平台负担以及对权利人的救济，发挥了一定的效用，但在实践中却显露出滥用和错误通知概率大、无法很好处理专业性较强的专利侵权纠纷等问题，前者源自于“通知–删除”规则本身并不具备诉前禁令的程序要件，但却实际上产生了和诉前禁令一样的效果，由此产生实践困境。实际上，“通知–删除”规则不可能也没有必要向真正意义上的诉前禁令靠拢，电子商务治理应积极发挥平台的管控力，以各方约定且同意为前提的平台实质性介入可以更好缓解规则存在的弊端，控制滥用等恶意竞争行为，此外，平台自治应在法律框架以及权责统一的范围内赋予平台更大的权限，使平台在收到反通知后可以确定采取必要措施的期限。对于专业性较强的专业侵权纠纷，可以采取现有规则与反向行为保全协调适用的措施来完善现有规则的不足。
The “notice-delete” rule of the E-Commerce Law is a creative move to regulate the chaos of intellectual property infringement in the field of e-commerce, which comprehensively considers the burden of the platform and the relief to the right holder, and has played a certain effect, but in practice, it has revealed problems such as a high probability of abuse and wrong notification, and the inability to properly handle highly professional patent infringement disputes. In fact, it is impossible and unnecessary for the “notice-delete” rule to move closer to a real pre-trial injunction, and e-commerce governance should actively give full play to the platform’s control power, and the substantive intervention of the platform premised on the agreement and consent of all parties can better alleviate the shortcomings of the rules and control abuse and other malicious competitive behaviors. For professional infringement disputes with strong specialization, measures may be adopted to coordinate the application of the existing rules and reverse act preservation to improve the deficiencies of the existing rules.