The purpose of this study is to investigate the physicochemical
properties of some local varieties of onion (Allium cepa L.) and compare them with an imported variety, all
collected in May 2021. Proteins, reducing sugars, lipids, and polyphenol content were estimated according to
the AFNOR standardized methods. The determination of calcium, magnesium,
iron, sodium, potassium and phosphorus was performed by atomic absorption
spectrophotometer coupled with a CCD detector. The results highlighted an
average acidity of 0.377% ± 0.002% lower than the value of the imported variety
which is 0.520% ± 0.001%. Local varieties have a pH ranging from 6.35 ± 0.003 to 6.42 ±
0.004, while the variety has a pH of 6.36 ± 0.003. The ash and dry matter
contents vary respectively from 4.788% ±
0.004% to 8.253% ± 0.003% and 7.945% ±
0.021% to 11.945% ± 0.007% for the local varieties. Moreover, the imported one has ash and dry matter contents of 5.175% ± 0.007% and 10.035% ± 0.021% respectively. The results show that the protein, reducing sugar
and lipid contents in the local onion varieties vary respectively from 2.815 ±
0.000 to 15.634 ± 0.001 g·100 g-1; 4.691 ± 0.001 to 12.596 ± 0.002
References
[1]
AZUD (2015) La pratique de goutte à goutte dans la culture de l’oignon. https://www.azud.com/
[2]
ANSD (2020) Situation socioéconomique du Sénégal de 2017 à 2018.
[3]
Bhattacharjee, S., Sultana, A., Sazzad, M.H., Islam, M.A., Ahtashom, M. and Asaduzzaman, M. (2013) Analysis of the Proximate Composition and Energy Values of Two Varieties Of Onion (Allium cepa L.) Bulbs of Different Origin: A Comparative Study. International Journal of Nutrition and Food Sciences, 2, 246-253. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijnfs.20130205.16
[4]
Boukary, H., Roumba, A., Adam, T., Barrage, M. and Saadou, M. (2012) Interactions entre la variabilité des écotypes de l’oignon (Allium cepa L.) et les facteurs agro-climatiques au Niger. Tropicultura, 30, 209-215.
[5]
Kamga, R.T., Tchouamo, I.R., Chendjou, R., Bidogeza, J.C. and Sefa, V.A. (2016) Gender Inequality in Smallholder Onion (Allium cepa L.) Production in the Far North Region of Cameroon. Journal of Gender, Agriculture and Food Security, 1, 85-103.
[6]
MAER (2021) Bilan de la campagne agricole 2020. Edition spéciale N°15178 le so-leil.sn, ISSN 0850/0704, 48 p.
[7]
Tache, S., Ladam, A. and Corpet, D.E. (2007) Chemoprevention of Aberrant Crypt Foci in the Colon of Rats by Dietary Onion. European Journal of Cancer, 43, 454-458. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejca.2006.09.022
[8]
David-Benz, H. and Seck, A. (2018) Améliorer la qualité de l’oignon au Sénégal: contractualisation et autres mesures transversales. Rapport d’analyse de politique, Suivi et Analyse des Politiques Agricoles et Alimentaires (SAPAA). FAO, Rome.
[9]
Association Francaise de Normalisation: AFNOR (1982) Recueil des normes francaises des produits dérivés des fruits et légumes. Jus de fruits. Association Francaise de Normalisation, Paris.
[10]
Georgé, S., Brat P., Alter, P. and Amiot, M.J. (2005) Rapid Determination of Polyphenols and Vitamin C in Plant-Derived Products. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 53, 1370-1373. https://doi.org/10.1021/jf048396b
[11]
Ferhoum, F. (2010) Analyses physico chimiques de la propolis locale selon les étages bioclimatiques et les deux races d’abeille locales (Apis mellifica intermissaetapis mellifica sahariensis). Thèse en Technologie Alimentaire, Université M’hamed Bougara, Boumerdès.
[12]
Tabak, S., Bendif, H., Miara, H.D., Mediouni, R.M. and Blake, P. (2022) Physico-Chemical Analysis of Some Medicinal Plants Growing in Algeria: Allium sativum, Allium cepa and Foenuculum vulgare. Genetics & Biodiversity Journal, 6, 149-166. https://doi.org/10.46325/gabj.v6i1.207
[13]
Messaid, H. (2008) Optimisation du processus d’immersion, réhydratation du système dates sèche - jus d’orange. Master’s Thesis, Université Mohamed Bouguera, Boumerdes.
[14]
Barikmo, I., Ouattara, F., Oshaug, O., Akinyele, A.A.G. and Bomfeh, K. (2012) West African Food Composition Table. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations.
[15]
Ko, S., Chang, W.N., Wang, J.F., Cherng, S.J. and Shanmugasundaram, S. (2002) Storage Variability among Short-Day Onion Cultivars under High Temperature and High Relative Humidity, and Its Relationship with Disease Incidence and Bulb Characteristics. Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science, 127, 848-854. https://doi.org/10.21273/JASHS.127.5.848
[16]
Silué, S., Fondio, L., Coulibaly, M.Y. and Magein, H. (2003) Sélection de variétés d’oignon (Allium cepa L.) adaptées au nord de la Cot e d’Ivoire. Tropicultura, 21, 129-134.
[17]
Lawal, A. and Matazu, S.S. (2015) Comparative Studies of White and Red Allium cepa Cultivated in Sokoto, Nigeria. Chemsearch Journal, 6, 14-20.
[18]
Joslyn, M. (1970) Methods in Food Analysis. 2nd Edition, Academic Press, New York.
[19]
Amellal Chibane, H. (2008) Aptitudes technologiques de quelques variétés de dattes: Formulation d’un yaourt naturellement sucré et aromatisé. Master’s Thesis, Université de Boumerdès, Algérie.
[20]
Djouab, A. (2007) Préparation et incorporation dans la margarine d’un e xtrait de dattes des variétés séches. Master’s Thesis, Université M’hamed Bougara, Boumerdes.
[21]
Sawaya, W.N., Khalil, J.K., Safi, W.N. and Al-Shalhat, A. (1983) Physical and Chemical Characterization of the Saudi Date Cultivars at Various Stages of Development. Canadian Institute of Food Science and Technology Journal, 16, 87-92. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0315-5463(83)72065-1
[22]
Hartl, D.L. (2011) Essential Genetics: A Genomics Perspective. 5th Edition, Jones & Bartlett.
[23]
Kader, A.A. (1986) Potential Applications of Ionizing Radiation on Post-Harvest Handling of Fresh Fruit and Vegetables. Food Technologies, 40, 117-121.
[24]
Kandoliya, U.K., Bodar, N.P., Bajaniya, V.K., Bhadja N.V. and Golakiya, B.A. (2015) Determination of Nutritional Value and Antioxidant from Bulbs of Different Onion (Allium cepa) Variety: A Comparative Study. International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences, 4, 635-641.
[25]
Chukwu, E.O. and Ochuko, E. (1995) Lipid Composition of Some Nigerian Foodstuff, Onion (Allium cepa), Cocoyam (Colocasia esculenta), and Plantain (Musa sapientum). Nigeria Agricultural Journal, 29, 137-144. https://doi.org/10.4314/naj.v29i1.49308
[26]
Nwinuka, N.M., Ibeh, G.O. and Ekeke, G.I (2005) Proximate Composition and Levels of Some Toxicants in Four Commonly Consumed Spices. Journal of Applied Sciences and Environmental management, 9, 150-155.
[27]
Gaouar, N. (2011) Etude de la valeur nutritive de la caroube de différentes variétés Algériennes. Master’s Thesis, Université Abou Bakr Belkaid, Tlemcen.
[28]
Miliauskas, G., Venskutonis, P.R. and Van Beek, T.A. (2004) Screening of Radical Scavenging Activity of Some Medicinal and Aromatic Plant Extracts. Food Chemistry, 85, 231-237. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2003.05.007
[29]
Beye, N.F., Ayessou, N.C., Sene, A., Kane, C., Mbaye, M.N., Talla, C. and Diop, C.M. (2019) Study of Four Onion Varieties Drying Kinetics in an Oven and a Solar Greenhouse. Journal of Food Research, 8, 59-70. https://doi.org/10.5539/jfr.v8n3p59
[30]
Beddou, F. (2015) Etude phytochimique et activités biologiques de deux plantes médicinales sahariennes Rumex vesicarius L. et Anvillea radiata Coss. & Dur. Master’s Thesis, Université Abou Bekr Bailked, Tlemcen.
[31]
Fall, A.D., Sy, A.N., Fokou, J.B.H., Fomi, J.O.N., Dieng, M., Dieng, S.I.M. and Bassene, E. (2015) Phytochemical Screening, Polyphenol Content and Antioxidant Studies of Ethanol Leaf Extract of Combretum aculeatum Vent. European Journal of Medicinal Plants, 10, 1-7. https://doi.org/10.9734/EJMP/2015/20294
[32]
Arbonnier, M. (2019) Arbres, arbustes et lianes d’Afrique de l’Ouest. Quatrième édition Quae, Paris.
[33]
Victor, P., Embeya, O., Mavungu, G.N., Celestin, P. and Shongo, P. (2020) Effet Antihyperglycémiant des Extraits Aqueux et Méthanoliques des Feuilles de Vinca rosea Chez les Cobayes. East African Journal of Forestry, 2, 40-44. https://doi.org/10.37284/eajfa.2.2.232
