A frozen spin polarized targets cooled
by the 3He/4He dilution refrigerator developed at the JINR, Dubna is described. Experience
with continuously-polarized
targets (dynamic mode) and achieving of very low temperatures in 1966 (JINR)
gave rise to the idea of using radically new technique based on dissolving 3He in 4He to the frozen
spin polarized target. The short history (1966-2023) of the development
of such proton and deuteron targets at JINR for
different accelerators (Dubna, Protvino, Gatchina, Prague, Mainz and Bonn) is given.
References
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Thomas, A., Borisov, N. S., Arends, H.-J., Fedorov, A., N., Gurevich, G. M., Kondratiev, R. L, et al. (2013). The New Frozen-Spin Target at MAMI, Physics of Particles and Nuclei, 44, 964-967. https://doi.org/10.1134/S1063779613060221
[12]
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