Introduction: The aim of the study was to describe the
immunohistochemical aspects of breast cancers at Douala General Hospital, Cameroon. Methodology: This was a descriptive study with retrospective data
collection, conducted from January 1st 2010 and December 31st 2019. It was focused on histologically proven breast cancers followed up at
Douala General Hospital. Results: We collected 285 cases of breast cancer, all
female, representing an annual frequency of 28.5 cases. The mean age of the
patients was 48±13 years. The most frequent histological form was infiltrating ductal
carcinoma (83.9%), with grade II predominating (38.6%). Immunohistochemical
analyses were performed on 89 patients (31.23%). The triple-negative subtype
was the most common class (35.95%), followed by Luminal A (32.60); Human
Epidermal Receptor 2-class and Luminal B tumors were observed at a frequency of
13.48% each. Treatment consisted mainly of surgery (78.60%) combined with
chemotherapy (65.97%) and/or radiotherapy (63.16%). Hormonal treatment was used
in only 10.18% of patients. Targeted therapy was exceptional (4%). Conclusion:
Triple-negative phenotype is the most common. However, potentially
hormone-sensitive tumors account for almost half of all patients, who are
relatively young. Individualized treatments are rare. It is important to
systematize these analyses for all breast cancers, with a view to appropriate
management in our environment.
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