Background: Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase
(ESBL) producing bacteria are a real public health problem, particularly in Africa.
Among these ESBLs, there are the Muenchen Cefotaximase (CTX-M) described all over
the world of which the most frequent is the CTX-M
of group 1 particularly the CTX-M-15variant.
The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of CTX-M group
1 ESBL-producing Escherichia coli strains and to test their antibiotics susceptibility
profile. Methodology: A retrospective cross-sectional descriptive study was
conducted to detect ESBL-secreting Escherichia
coli strains by the synergy test. Identification of CTX-M type ESBL from group
1 was performed using the NG-Test CTX-M rapid diagnostic test (NG-Biotech®). Antibiotic
susceptibility profile was determined using CA-SFM/EUCAST guidelines 2019. Data
entry and statistical analysis were performed with Excel version 2010 and SPSS 20.0
respectively. Results: Eighty-two ESBL-producing Escherichia coli strains were tested. A group 1 CTX-M ESBL was detected in 75.6% of the strains (n=62). These strains were highly resistant to cefotaxim (100%), aztreonam (100%),
ceftazidim (85.4%) and cefepim (66.1%). They were also resistant to quinolones,
gentamycin and sulfadoxine-trimethoprim combination. However, these strains showed
sensitivity to ertapenem (100%), cefoxitin (69.3%), tigecyclin (66%), and amikacin
(66.1%). The combination of piperacillin and tazobactam was active on 30.6% of the
strains against 6.4% for the combination of amoxicillin and clavulanic acid. Conclusion: The CTX-M type ESBL of group 1 was present in the majority of ESBL-producing Escherichia colistrains. Despite the production
of this enzyme conferring resistance to most beta-lactam antibiotics, some antibiotics
remain active to treat infections caused by these germs.
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