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大学生心理痛苦对自杀意念的影响
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Abstract:
目的：探究大学生的心理痛苦是如何影响自杀意念的，并了解它们与绝望、拒绝敏感性和生命意义的关系。方法：采用方便取样的方法随机抽取738名大学生进行心理痛苦量表(PAS)、自杀意念自评量表(SIOSS)、Beck绝望量表(BHS)、拒绝敏感性量表、人生意义问卷(C-MLQ)的进行施策。结果：心理痛苦与拒绝敏感性、绝望、自杀意念均成显著正相关(r = 0.352, p < 0.01; r = 0.520, p < 0.01; r = 0.598, p < 0.01)，与生命意义成显著负相关(r = ？0.192, p < 0.01)；拒绝敏感性与绝望、自杀意念成显著正相关(r = 0.235, p < 0.01; r = 0.321, p < 0.01)；生命意义与绝望、自杀意念成显著负相关(r = ？0.364, p < 0.01; r = ？0.324, p < 0.01)；绝望与自杀意念成显著正相关(r = 0.737, p < 0.01)。在心理痛苦对自杀意念影响的多重中介模型中，拒绝敏感性与绝望起并行中介的作用，生命意义与绝望起链式中介的作用(χ2/df = 1.926, RMSEA = 0.035, NFI = 0.997, RFI = 0.983, IFI = 0.998, TLI = 0.992, CFI = 0.998)。结论：心理痛苦可以直接正向预测自杀意念，也可以通过拒绝敏感性、绝望和生命意义间接影响自杀意念的产生。
Objective: To explore the relationship between college students’ psychache and suicidal ideation, and to understand their relationship with hopelessness, rejection sensitivity and the meaning of life. Methods: 738 college students were randomly selected by convenient sampling method to carry out The Psych-ache Scale (PAS), Self-rating Idea of Suicide Scale (SIOSS), Beck Hopelessness scale (BHS), Rejection Sensitivity Scale, and Chinese Meaning in Life Questionnaire (C-MLQ). Results: Psychache was correlated with rejection sensitivity, hopelessness, and suicidal ideation (r = 0.352, p < 0.01; r = 0.520, p < 0.01; r = 0.598, p < 0.01), and psychache was correlated with the meaning of life (r = ？0.192, p < 0.01); Rejection sensitivity was correlated with hopelessness and suicidal ideation (r = 0.235, p < 0.01; r = 0.321, p < 0.01); The meaning of life was correlated with hopelessness and suicidal ideation (r = ？0.364, p < 0.01; r = ？0.324, p < 0.01); Hopelessness was correlated with suicidal ideation (r = 0.737, p < 0.01). In the multiple mediating models of the effect of psychache on suicidal ideation, rejection sensitivity and hopelessness play a parallel mediation role, and life meaning and hopelessness play a role in chain mediation (χ2/df = 1.926, RMSEA = 0.035, NFI = 0.997, RFI = 0.983, IFI = 0.998, TLI = 0.992, CFI = 0.998). Conclusion: Psychache can directly and positively predict suicidal ideation, and can also indirectly affect suicidal ideation through rejection sensitivity, hopelessness and the meaning of life.
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